Universal discriminator for completely unknown optical qubits

We propose an experimental setup that is capable of unambiguously discriminating any pair of linearly independent single photon polarization qubits, about which we do not have any knowledge except that an extra pair of these unknown states are provided as the reference. This setup, which is constructed with optical controlled-NOT (CNOT) gates, weak cross Kerr nonlinearities, Bell state analyzers, and other linear optical elements, transforms the unknown triple photon input states to the corresponding single photon states to be deterministically processed by a linear optics circuit. The optimal discrimination of the unknown states is achieved by this setup.

[1]  G. G. Stokes "J." , 1890, The New Yale Book of Quotations.