Female University Student WSDS Smartphone Dependence Scale Scores Correlate With Actual Use Time of Smartphones

The authors investigated correlations between self-reported WSDS (Wakayama Smartphone-Dependence Scale) scores and actual time spent using smartphones. The WSDS was one of a set of questionnaires administered to 134 female university students. For iPhone (Apple Inc., CA) users, the Screen Time feature was used to monitor use time. Of three WSDS rankings, subscales 2 (using a smartphone for extended periods of time and neglecting social obligations and other tasks) and 3 (using a smartphone while doing something else and neglect of etiquette) were associated with actual smartphone use time. Subscale 1 (immersion in internet communication) was associated with demographic characteristics. These findings suggest the usefulness of the WSDS.