Measurement Properties of 4 Patient-Reported Outcome Measures to Assess Sleep Disturbance in Adults With Atopic Dermatitis

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Background The ideal patient-reported outcome measure to assess sleep disturbance in atopic dermatitis (AD) has not been determined. Objective We sought to determine the measurement properties of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®) Itch Questionnaire Mood and Sleep (PIQ-MS), Sleep Disturbance (SD), Sleep-Related Impairment (SRI), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) in adults with AD. Methods A prospective dermatology practice-based study was performed using questionnaires and evaluation by a dermatologist (n=611). Results PIQ-MS, PROMIS SD, SRI, and ESS had good convergent validity with intensity and frequency of sleep disturbance, Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure, Eczema Area and Severity Index, total and objective-Scoring AD, Numerical Rating Scale of worst-itch and average-itch, and Dermatology Life Quality Index. PIQ-MS had significantly better correlations with other severity measures than the other sleep measures (Fisher z-scores, P≤0.007). PIQ-MS, and to lesser extent PROMIS SD, PROMIS SRI and ESS had good discriminant validity. All four sleep assessments showed fair responsiveness to change of severity of sleep-disturbance, AD and itch. PIQ-MS had the best reliability. PIQ-MS, PROMIS SD, SRI and ESS showed good internal consistency and were feasible for use in clinical practice. Conclusions PIQ-MS, followed by PROMIS SD, had the best construct validity and reliability in adult AD.