MAPPING ABNORMAL SUBCORTICAL BRAIN MORPHOMETRY IN AN ELDERLY HIV+ COHORT.

Over 50% of HIV+ individuals exhibit neurocognitive impairment and subcortical atrophy, but the pattern of brain abnormalities associated with HIV is still poorly understood. Using parametric surface-based shape analyses, we mapped the 3D profile of subcortical morphometry in 63 HIV+ participants and 31 uninfected controls. The thalamus, corpus striatum, hippocampus, amygdala, brainstem, callosum and ventricles were segmented from brain MRIs. To investigate subcortical shape, we analyzed the Jacobian determinant (JD) and radial distances (RD) for structure surfaces. We also investigated effects of nadir CD4+ T-cell counts, viral load, and illness duration on subcortical morphology. Our results characterize subcortical morphometry in older HIV+ people, where participants showed significant volumetric enlargements in the thalamus, left pallidum and the ventricles while showing a reduction in the callosum. Further, RD maps revealed atrophy of the left thalamus and expansion of the brainstem in HIV. RD and JD maps of the right pallidum identified tissue expansion associated with illness duration while the left pallidum showed anterior atrophy and posterior expansion associated with viral load.

[1]  Kiralee M. Hayashi,et al.  3D comparison of hippocampal atrophy in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. , 2006, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[2]  Anders M. Dale,et al.  Cortical Surface-Based Analysis I. Segmentation and Surface Reconstruction , 1999, NeuroImage.

[3]  Y. Benjamini,et al.  Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing , 1995 .

[4]  Paul M. Thompson,et al.  Applying tensor-based morphometry to parametric surfaces can improve MRI-based disease diagnosis , 2013, NeuroImage.

[5]  C A Wiley,et al.  HIV mediates a productive infection of the brain. , 1999, AIDS.

[6]  Christine Fennema-Notestine,et al.  Effects of methamphetamine dependence and HIV infection on cerebral morphology. , 2005, The American journal of psychiatry.

[7]  Paul M. Thompson,et al.  Disrupted cerebral metabolite levels and lower nadir CD4 + counts are linked to brain volume deficits in 210 HIV-infected patients on stable treatment☆ , 2013, NeuroImage: Clinical.

[8]  M. Maschke,et al.  Structural gray and white matter changes in patients with HIV , 2011, Journal of Neurology.

[9]  E. DeLong,et al.  Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach. , 1988, Biometrics.

[10]  Jean-Marie Annoni,et al.  Cognitive dysfunction in HIV patients despite long-standing suppression of viremia , 2009, AIDS.

[11]  Bruce J Brew,et al.  Evidence for a change in AIDS dementia complex in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy and the possibility of new forms of AIDS dementia complex. , 2004, AIDS.

[12]  P. Maruff,et al.  Prevalence and pattern of neuropsychological impairment in human immunodeficiency virus-infected/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients across pre- and post-highly active antiretroviral therapy eras: A combined study of two cohorts , 2011, Journal of NeuroVirology.

[13]  George C. Runger,et al.  Gene selection with guided regularized random forest , 2012, Pattern Recognit..

[14]  Michael Weiner,et al.  Automated 3d Mapping of Baseline and 12-month Associations between Three Verbal Memory Measures and Hippocampal Atrophy in 490 Adni Subjects and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative , 2022 .

[15]  Daniel Rueckert,et al.  Random forest-based similarity measures for multi-modal classification of Alzheimer's disease , 2013, NeuroImage.

[16]  Yaakov Stern,et al.  HIV-associated cognitive impairment before and after the advent of combination therapy , 2011, Journal of NeuroVirology.

[17]  Pierre Geurts,et al.  Proteomic mass spectra classification using decision tree based ensemble methods , 2005, Bioinform..

[18]  Chantal E Stern,et al.  Putamen hypertrophy in nondemented patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and cognitive compromise. , 2007, Archives of neurology.

[19]  Leo Breiman,et al.  Random Forests , 2001, Machine Learning.

[20]  Andrew W. Fitzgibbon,et al.  Real-time human pose recognition in parts from single depth images , 2011, CVPR 2011.

[21]  Houtao Deng,et al.  Guided Random Forest in the RRF Package , 2013, ArXiv.

[22]  William E. Lorensen,et al.  Marching cubes: A high resolution 3D surface construction algorithm , 1987, SIGGRAPH.

[23]  Michael J. Taylor,et al.  The HNRC 500-Neuropsychology of Hiv infection at different disease stages , 1995, Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society.

[24]  Charles T. Loop,et al.  Smooth Subdivision Surfaces Based on Triangles , 1987 .

[25]  Hugues Hoppe,et al.  Progressive meshes , 1996, SIGGRAPH.