Impact du traitement de masse de la filariose lymphatique par l’albendazole-ivermectine en zone de savane : cas de la région de l’Est du Burkina

But. La filariose lymphatique maladie tropicale negligee, debilitante a transmission vectorielle existe en Afrique, Asie et Amerique du Sud. Pres de 119 millions de personnes en sont infectees. L’une des strategies de lutte consiste en l’interruption de la transmission du parasite par l’administration annuelle d’une dose unique de diethylcarbamazine ou d’ivermectine-albendazole aux personnes exposees en zone d’endemie (prevalence microfilaremie > 1%). Apres onze tours de traitement de masse (TDM), nous avons voulu evaluer l’impact du TDM sur la transmission du parasite. Methodologie. Une etude prospective transversale menee dans 6 sites de fevrier a mars 2014. Ont ete inclus toutes personnes residentes consentantes âges de plus de 5 ans. Les variables etudiees etaient la frequence du lymphoedeme et de l’hydrocele, la prevalence de la microfilaremie, la densite parasitaire moyenne et la transmission du parasite. Resultats. Nous avons recrute 2773 personnes (1302 hommes et 1471 femmes), d’une moyenne d’âge de 22,73 ans. Le taux de couverture therapeutique etait de 80% durant les onze TDM. La frequence de lymphoedeme etait de 1,33%, et celle de l’hydrocele de 1,69%. La prevalence de la microfilaremie etait 1,8%. La densite parasitaire moyenne etait 157 mf/ml. La reduction de la prevalence microfilarienne etait de 95,14% en onze TDM dans la region de l’Est du Burkina en 12 ans. Conclusion. L’impact du traitement de masse est reel, mais la transmission du parasite n’a pas ete interrompue. ABSTRACT Introduction: Lymphatic Filariasis neglected tropical disease, debilitating vector-borne exists in Africa, Asia and South America. Nearly 119 million people are infected. One of the strategies involves the interruption of parasite transmission by the annual administration of a single dose of diethylcarbamazine (DEC) or ivermectin-albendazole to exposed persons in endemic areas (prevalence microfilaremia> 1%). After 11 rounds of mass Drug Administration (MDA), we wanted to assess the impact of MDA on parasite transmission in East region of Burkina Faso. Methodology: This was a descriptive prospective cross-sectional study. It was conducted in 6 sites in the region from February to March 2014. Were included all consenting resident persons over 5 years. Studied variables were: frequency of lymphedema and hydrocele, prevalence de la microfilaremia, mean parasite density and parasite transmission. Results: We recruited 2773 people (1302 men and 1471 women), mean age of 22.73 years, 94.93% had received at least once MDA and 23.34% received 6. The therapeutic coverage was about 80% during the 11 MDA. The frequency of lymphoedema was 1.33% and 1.69% for hydrocele. The prevalence of microfilaria was 1.8%. The mean parasite density was 157 mf / ml. The reduction of microfilaria prevalence was 95.14% in 11 MDA in eastern region of Burkina. Conclusion. The impact of MDA is real; however, the transmission is not interrupted yet.

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