Infrared Free Electron Laser or Polarized Ultraviolet Photolysis of Hierarchical and Chiral Components of Interleukin-6, AlanylAlanine and Alanine:

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) could be decomposed by irradiation of IR-FEL (Infrared free electron laser). Using circularly polarized and other UV light and IR-FEL light, photolysis of hierarchical components of cast films of IL-6, namely deuterated aqueous solutions of enantiomers of dipeptide (L-alanyl-L-alanine (Ala-ala) or D-alanyl-D-alanine) and enantiomers of amino acid (L-alanine (Ala) or D-alanine) was investigated whether specific bonds can be broken by absorption of light (not due to heat). In addition, IR-FEL irradiation to powder as well as crystal structure determination for L-Ala and D-Ala at 173 and 293 K were also carried out to confirm reproducibility in the solid state about long-lasting controversy about Salam’ hypothesis associated with chirality exhibiting structural phase transition at different temperature. Subunits of IL-6 (dipeptide and amino acid) could not be decomposed by polarized IR-FEL nor UV (ultraviolet) light regardless of their chirality. All experimental methods tested in this study failed to prove Salam's hypothesis, positively. Consequently, secondary structure of IL-6 was found to be easier to be damaged by IR-FEL than covalent bonds. HIGHLIGHTS Interleukin 6 (IL-6) was decomposed by irradiation of IR-FEL (Infrared free electron laser). Parts of IL-6 (dipeptide and amino acid) was not decomposed by polarized IR-FEL nor UV (ultraviolet) light regardless of their chirality. Secondary structure of IL-6 was easier to be damaged by IR-FEL than covalent bonds.

[1]  T. Akitsu,et al.  Degradation of Human Serum Albumin by Infrared Free Electron Laser Enhanced by Inclusion of a Salen-Type Schiff Base Zn (II) Complex , 2020, International journal of molecular sciences.

[2]  T. Akitsu,et al.  Investigation by DFT Methods of the Damage of Human Serum Albumin Including Amino Acid Derivative Schiff Base Zn(II) Complexes by IR-FEL Irradiation , 2019, International journal of molecular sciences.

[3]  P. K. Hashim,et al.  Enantioselective Photochromism under Circularly Polarized Light , 2019, ChemPhotoChem.

[4]  P. Macchi,et al.  Comments on ‘Hydrogen bonds in crystalline d-alanine: diffraction and spectroscopic evidence for differences between enantiomers’ , 2018, IUCrJ.

[5]  J. Eckert,et al.  Response to comment on ‘Hydrogen bonds in crystalline d-alanine: diffraction and spectroscopic evidence for differences between enantiomers’ , 2018, IUCrJ.

[6]  P. Freire,et al.  Hydrogen bonds in crystalline d-alanine: diffraction and spectroscopic evidence for differences between enantiomers , 2018, IUCrJ.

[7]  Katoh,et al.  Electrochemical Tuning by Polarized UV Light Induced Molecular Orientation of Chiral Salen-type Mn(II) and Co(II) Complexes in an Albumin Matrix , 2016 .

[8]  Tao Fu,et al.  Far-Infrared Circular Polarization and Polarization Filtering Based on Fermat's Spiral Chiral Metamaterial , 2015, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[9]  Toshio Tanaka IL-6 blockade therapy for inflammatory diseases: current perspectives and future directions. , 2015, Nihon Rinsho Men'eki Gakkai kaishi = Japanese journal of clinical immunology.

[10]  S. Gabuda,et al.  Chirality-related interactions and a mirror symmetry violation in handed nano structures. , 2014, The Journal of chemical physics.

[11]  Y. Ohsugi,et al.  IL-6 as a target in autoimmune disease and inflammation. , 2014, Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica.

[12]  Yiqiao Tang,et al.  Enhanced Enantioselectivity in Excitation of Chiral Molecules by Superchiral Light , 2011, Science.

[13]  P. Cintas The Origin of Chirality in the Molecules of Life .A Revision from Awareness to the Current Theories and Perspectives of this Unsolved Problem. Von Albert Guijarro und Miguel Yus. , 2009 .

[14]  G. Sheldrick A short history of SHELX. , 2008, Acta crystallographica. Section A, Foundations of crystallography.

[15]  Takaaki Manaka,et al.  Preparation of Chiral Polydiacetylene Film from Achiral Monomers Using Circularly Polarized Light , 2006 .

[16]  Chick C. Wilson,et al.  Neutron diffraction investigations of L- and D-alanine at different temperatures: the search for structural evidence for parity violation , 2005 .

[17]  A. Salam The role of chirality in the origin of life , 1991, Journal of Molecular Evolution.

[18]  Gong,et al.  Temperature Effect on Molecular Chirality:X鄄ray Diffraction and Neutron Diffraction Studies of D鄄alanine* , 2005 .

[19]  P. Schwerdtfeger,et al.  Search for Electroweak Interactions in Amino Acid Crystals. II. The Salam Hypothesis , 2003 .

[20]  Martin Quack,et al.  How important is parity violation for molecular and biomolecular chirality? , 2002, Angewandte Chemie.

[21]  Wenqing Wang,et al.  Parity Violation of Electroweak Force in Phase Transitions of Single Crystals of D- and L-Alanine and Valine , 2000, Journal of biological physics.

[22]  W. Somers,et al.  1.9 Å crystal structure of interleukin 6: implications for a novel mode of receptor dimerization and signaling , 1997, The EMBO journal.

[23]  Ben L. Feringa,et al.  Dynamic Control and Amplification of Molecular Chirality by Circular Polarized Light , 1996, Science.

[24]  A. Salam Chirality, phase transitions and their induction in amino acids , 1992 .

[25]  V. Letokhov On difference of energy levels of left and right molecules due to weak interactions , 1975 .