What is Priming and Why

[1]  J. Raaijmakers,et al.  A criterion-shift model for enhanced discriminability in perceptual identification: A note on the counter model , 2000, Psychonomic bulletin & review.

[2]  Robert M. Nosofsky,et al.  Dissociations Between Categorization and Recognition in Amnesic and Normal Individuals: An Exemplar-Based Interpretation , 1998 .

[3]  R. Desimone,et al.  A neural mechanism for working and recognition memory in inferior temporal cortex. , 1991, Science.

[4]  James L. McClelland,et al.  Levels indeed! A response to Broadbent , 1985 .

[5]  D. Broadbent.  A question of levels: comment on McClelland and Rumelhart , 1985 .

[6]  C. N. Cofer,et al.  Conditions for the use of verbal associations. , 1967, Psychological bulletin.

[7]  Edmund T. Rolls,et al.  A Model of Invariant Object Recognition in the Visual System: Learning Rules, Activation Functions, Lateral Inhibition, and Information-Based Performance Measures , 2000, Neural Computation.

[8]  Alex Martin,et al.  Properties and mechanisms of perceptual priming , 1998, Current Opinion in Neurobiology.

[9]  Ravi S. Menon,et al.  The effects of visual object priming on brain activation before and after recognition , 2000, Current Biology.

[10]  Randall C. O'Reilly,et al.  Biologically Plausible Error-Driven Learning Using Local Activation Differences: The Generalized Recirculation Algorithm , 1996, Neural Computation.

[11]  R. Desimone,et al.  Neural mechanisms for visual memory and their role in attention. , 1996, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[12]  R Ratcliff,et al.  A counter model for implicit priming in perceptual word identification. , 1997, Psychological review.

[13]  H. Roediger.  Implicit memory in normal human subjects , 1993 .

[14]  James L. McClelland,et al.  Distributed memory and the representation of general and specific information. , 1985, Journal of experimental psychology. General.

[15]  Mark S. Seidenberg.  Connectionist Models and Cognitive Theory , 1993 .

[16]  Daniel L. Schacter,et al.  Form-specific visual priming for new associations in the right cerebral hemisphere , 1996, Memory & cognition.

[17]  N. Alpert,et al.  Conscious recollection and the human hippocampal formation: evidence from positron emission tomography. , 1996, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[18]  G. Logan.  Repetition priming and automaticity: Common underlying mechanisms? , 1990, Cognitive Psychology.

[19]  T. Shallice,et al.  Neuroimaging evidence for dissociable forms of repetition priming. , 2000, Science.

[20]  L. Squire,et al.  The primate hippocampal formation: evidence for a time-limited role in memory storage. , 1990, Science.

[21]  R Ratcliff,et al.  Bias effects in implicit memory tasks. , 1996, Journal of experimental psychology. General.

[22]  B. Skinner,et al.  Principles of Behavior , 1944 .

[23]  K. Forster,et al.  REPETITION PRIMING AND FREQUENCY ATTENUATION IN LEXICAL ACCESS , 1984 .

[24]  Peter Földiák,et al.  SPARSE CODING IN THE PRIMATE CORTEX , 2002 .

[25]  Michael A. Arbib,et al.  The handbook of brain theory and neural networks , 1995, A Bradford book.

[26]  R. Desimone,et al.  Multiple memory systems in the visual cortex. , 1995 .

[27]  J. Donoghue,et al.  Learning-induced LTP in neocortex. , 2000, Science.

[28]  D E Meyer,et al.  Meaning, memory structure, and mental processes. , 1976, Science.

[29]  Daniel L. Schacter,et al.  Priming and recognition of transformed three-dimensional objects: effects of size and reflection. , 1992 .

[30]  John D. Bransford,et al.  Levels of processing versus transfer appropriate processing , 1977 .

[31]  S. Gronlund,et al.  Global matching models of recognition memory: How the models match the data , 1996, Psychonomic bulletin & review.

[32]  M. W. Brown,et al.  Neuronal evidence that inferomedial temporal cortex is more important than hippocampus in certain processes underlying recognition memory , 1987, Brain Research.

[33]  T. Palmeri,et al.  Learning About Categories in the Absence of Training: Profound Amnesia and the Relationship Between Perceptual Categorization and Recognition Memory , 1999 .

[34]  J. Raaijmakers,et al.  Testing the counter model for perceptual identification: Effects of repetition priming and word frequency , 2000, Psychonomic bulletin & review.

[35]  D. Schacter.  Perceptual Representation Systems and Implicit Memory , 1990, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[36]  R. Desimone,et al.  Parallel neuronal mechanisms for short-term memory. , 1994, Science.

[37]  D. Schacter,et al.  Neuroimaging of Priming: New Perspectives on Implicit and Explicit Memory , 2001 .

[38]  James L. McClelland,et al.  Parallel distributed processing: explorations in the microstructure of cognition, vol. 1: foundations , 1986 .

[39]  L. Squire.  Declarative and Nondeclarative Memory: Multiple Brain Systems Supporting Learning and Memory , 1992, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[40]  Geoffrey E. Hinton,et al.  Distributed Representations , 1986, The Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence.

[41]  I. Biederman,et al.  Size invariance in visual object priming , 1992 .

[42]  Daniel L. Schacter,et al.  Brain regions associated with retrieval of structurally coherent visual information , 1995, Nature.

[43]  W. Singer,et al.  Different voltage-dependent thresholds for inducing long-term depression and long-term potentiation in slices of rat visual cortex , 1990, Nature.

[44]  Michael I. Jordan,et al.  A more biologically plausible learning rule for neural networks. , 1991, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[45]  S. Becker,et al.  Long-term semantic priming: a computational account and empirical evidence. , 1997, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.

[46]  De Vries.  Book review: R.C. O'Reilly and Y. Munakata: Computational explorations in cognitive neuroscience: understanding the mind by stimulating the brain. Cambridge, Mass: The MIT Press. , 2002 .

[47]  D. Schacter.  Implicit memory: History and current status. , 1987 .

[48]  M. Bear,et al.  Homosynaptic long-term depression in the visual cortex , 1994, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[49]  H L Roediger,et al.  Implicit memory. Retention without remembering. , 1990, The American psychologist.

[50]  K Tanaka,et al.  Neuronal mechanisms of object recognition. , 1993, Science.

[51]  K Toyama,et al.  Long-term potentiation of synaptic transmission in kitten visual cortex. , 1988, Journal of neurophysiology.

[52]  Chad J. Marsolek,et al.  COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSES AND HEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRIES IN VISUAL-FORM RECOGNITION , 1997 .

[53]  Leslie G. Ungerleider.  Functional Brain Imaging Studies of Cortical Mechanisms for Memory , 1995, Science.

[54]  M. Tarr.  Rotating objects to recognize them: A case study on the role of viewpoint dependency in the recognition of three-dimensional objects , 1995, Psychonomic bulletin & review.

[55]  E. D. Burgund,et al.  Viewpoint-invariant and viewpoint-dependent object recognition in dissociable neural subsystems , 2000, Psychonomic bulletin & review.

[56]  D. B. Bender,et al.  Visual properties of neurons in inferotemporal cortex of the Macaque. , 1972, Journal of neurophysiology.

[57]  D. Schacter,et al.  Perceptual specificity in visual object priming: functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence for a laterality difference in fusiform cortex , 2001, Neuropsychologia.

[58]  Clark Leonard Hull, 1884-1952. , 1952 .

[59]  Lee Ryan,et al.  Transfer-appropriate processing for implicit and explicit memory. , 1990 .

[60]  Jordan Grafman,et al.  Handbook of Neuropsychology , 1991 .

[61]  Jeffrey S. Bowers,et al.  Priming is not all bias: Commentary on Ratcliff and McKoon (1997) , 1999 .

[62]  Dave Bartram,et al.  The role of visual and semantic codes in object naming , 1974 .

[63]  J L Gallant,et al.  Sparse coding and decorrelation in primary visual cortex during natural vision. , 2000, Science.

[64]  L. Jacoby.  A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional uses of memory , 1991 .

[65]  E T Rolls,et al.  Sparseness of the neuronal representation of stimuli in the primate temporal visual cortex. , 1995, Journal of neurophysiology.

[66]  C. J. Marsolek.  Dissociable Neural Subsystems Underlie Abstract and Specific Object Recognition , 1999 .

[67]  D. Schacter,et al.  Priming of novel information in amnesic patients: Issues and data , 1993 .

[68]  E. Warrington,et al.  The effect of prior learning on subsequent retention in amnesic patients. , 1974, Neuropsychologia.

[69]  A. Dale,et al.  Functional-Anatomic Correlates of Object Priming in Humans Revealed by Rapid Presentation Event-Related fMRI , 1998, Neuron.

[70]  W. Singer,et al.  Long-term potentiation and NMDA receptors in rat visual cortex , 1987, Nature.

[71]  John E. Hummel,et al.  Two Roles for Attention in Shape Perception: A Structural Description Model of Visual Scrutiny , 1998 .

[72]  S. Christman.  Cerebral asymmetries in sensory and perceptual processing , 1997 .

[73]  T. Hudson,et al.  Task and stimulus demands influence letter-case-specific priming in the right cerebral hemisphere. , 1999, Laterality.

[74]  W H Theodore,et al.  Functional mapping of human memory using PET: comparisons of conceptual and perceptual tasks. , 1996, Canadian journal of experimental psychology = Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale.

[75]  F. Miezin,et al.  Functional anatomical studies of explicit and implicit memory retrieval tasks , 1995, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[76]  E. Darcy Burgund,et al.  Letter-Case-Specific Priming in the Right Cerebral Hemisphere with a Form-Specific Perceptual Identification Task , 1997, Brain and Cognition.

[77]  R. Desimone,et al.  Activity of neurons in anterior inferior temporal cortex during a short- term memory task , 1993, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[78]  M. Young,et al.  Sparse population coding of faces in the inferotemporal cortex. , 1992, Science.

[79]  R. Desimone,et al.  The representation of stimulus familiarity in anterior inferior temporal cortex. , 1993, Journal of neurophysiology.

[80]  J. B. Demb,et al.  Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Semantic Memory Processes in the Frontal Lobes , 1996 .

[81]  J. Havelka,et al.  Journal of Memory and Language , 2001 .

[82]  E. DeYoe,et al.  Concurrent processing in the primate visual cortex. , 1995 .

[83]  R Ratcliff,et al.  Bias in the priming of object decisions. , 1995, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.

[84]  Dana H. Ballard,et al.  Cortical connections and parallel processing: Structure and function , 1986, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[85]  Chad J. Marsolek,et al.  Abstractionist versus Exemplar-Based Theories of Visual Word Priming: A Subsystems Resolution , 2004, The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology.

[86]  F M Miezin,et al.  Activation of the hippocampus in normal humans: a functional anatomical study of memory. , 1992, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[87]  R. Ratcliff,et al.  A Neural Network Model of Implicit Memory for Object Recognition , 2000, Psychological science.

[88]  I. Biederman,et al.  Recognizing depth-rotated objects: Evidence and conditions for three-dimensional viewpoint invariance. , 1993 .

[89]  G. Shepherd,et al.  Long-term modifications of synaptic efficacy in the human inferior and middle temporal cortex. , 1996, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[90]  B. Milner,et al.  Further analysis of the hippocampal amnesic syndrome: 14-year follow-up study of H.M.☆ , 1968 .

[91]  D. J. Felleman,et al.  Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex. , 1991, Cerebral cortex.

[92]  D. Schacter,et al.  Priming and the Brain , 1998, Neuron.

[93]  D. Schacter.  Understanding implicit memory. A cognitive neuroscience approach. , 1992, The American psychologist.

[94]  J. Rueckl,et al.  Similarity effects in word and pseudoword repetition priming. , 1990, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.

[95]  K Srinivas,et al.  Size and reflection effects in priming: A test of transfer-appropriate processing , 1996, Memory & cognition.

[96]  James L. McClelland,et al.  Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: insights from the successes and failures of connectionist models of learning and memory. , 1995, Psychological review.

[97]  Debra A. Fleischman,et al.  Double Dissociation Between Memory Systems Underlying Explicit and Implicit Memory in the Human Brain , 1995 .

[98]  Daniel L. Schacter,et al.  What are the memory systems of 1994 , 1994 .

[99]  R. Desimone,et al.  Inferior temporal mechanisms for invariant object recognition. , 1994, Cerebral cortex.

[100]  John J. L. Morton,et al.  Interaction of information in word recognition. , 1969 .

[101]  E Tulving,et al.  Priming and human memory systems. , 1990, Science.

[102]  E. Rolls,et al.  Responses of neurons in the inferior temporal cortex in short term and serial recognition memory tasks , 2004, Experimental Brain Research.

[103]  Michael McCloskey,et al.  Catastrophic Interference in Connectionist Networks: The Sequential Learning Problem , 1989 .