20-GHz Quadrature Injection-Locked LC Dividers With Enhanced Locking Range

Quadrature injection-lockedLC dividers with either a Miller topology or an injection-lockedLC VCO topology are coupled with transconductors to enhance their locking range. The effect of the transconductance coupling is analyzed theoretically and through circuit simulation. Both topologies were fabricated by 90-nm CMOS technology with a target input center frequency of 20 GHz and output frequency of 10 GHz. The measured locking range for the Miller topology with transconductance coupling is 25.3%, compared to 20.9% without coupling. The measured locking range for the injection-locked LC VCO topology with transconductance coupling is 18.1%, compared to 12.9% without coupling. Moreover, power consumption for both dividers is 6.4 mW with a 1.2-V supply.

[1]  Liang-Hung Lu,et al.  A harmonic injection-locked frequency divider in 0.18-/spl mu/m SiGe BiCMOS , 2006, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[2]  Howard C. Luong,et al.  A 0.9-V Double-Balanced Quadrature-Input Quadrature-Output Frequency Divider , 2006, IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference 2006.

[3]  Sheng-Lyang Jang,et al.  A Wide Band Injection Locked Frequency Divider With Variable Inductor Load , 2007, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[4]  M. Tiebout,et al.  A CMOS direct injection-locked oscillator topology as high-frequency low-power frequency divider , 2004, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[5]  Liang-Hung Lu,et al.  A Harmonic Injection-Locked Frequency Divider in 0.18- m SiGe BiCMOS , 2009 .

[6]  H.R. Rategh,et al.  A CMOS frequency synthesizer with an injection-locked frequency divider for a 5-GHz wireless LAN receiver , 2000, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[7]  Jri Lee,et al.  A 40-GHz frequency divider in 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS technology , 2004, 2003 Symposium on VLSI Circuits. Digest of Technical Papers (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37408).

[8]  Thomas H. Lee,et al.  A unified model for injection-locked frequency dividers , 2003, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[9]  F. Svelto,et al.  Analysis and design of injection-locked LC dividers for quadrature generation , 2004, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[10]  R. Bishop,et al.  An integrated 10/5GHz injection–locked quadrature LC VCO in a 0.18µm digital CMOS process , 2002, Proceedings of the 28th European Solid-State Circuits Conference.

[11]  Rasoul Dehghani,et al.  Design of an optimised 2.5 GHz CMOS differential LC oscillator , 2004 .

[12]  Hui Wu,et al.  A double-balanced injection-locked frequency divider for tunable dual-phase signal generation , 2006, IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium, 2006.

[13]  José Silva-Martínez,et al.  A Fully Differential Low-Power Divide-by-8 Injection-Locked Frequency Divider Up to 18 GHz , 2007, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[14]  Youngwoo Kwon,et al.  V-band high-order harmonic injection-locked frequency-divider MMICs with wide bandwidth and low-power dissipation , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[15]  B. Razavi.  A study of injection locking and pulling in oscillators , 2004, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[16]  T. Kuroda,et al.  A 20-GHz Injection-Locked LC Divider with a 25-% Locking Range , 2006, 2006 Symposium on VLSI Circuits, 2006. Digest of Technical Papers..

[17]  T. Lee,et al.  Superharmonic injection-locked frequency dividers , 1999, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[18]  Robert A. York,et al.  Analysis of oscillators with external feedback loop for improved locking range and noise reduction , 1999 .

[19]  Ashoke Ravi,et al.  An integrated 10/5GHz injection–locked quadrature LC VCO in a 0.18µm digital CMOS process , 2002 .

[20]  Luca Larcher,et al.  Balanced CMOS LC-tank analog frequency dividers for quadrature LO generation , 2005, Proceedings of the IEEE 2005 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, 2005..