Design Sensitivity Analysis of Static Aeroelastic Stresses via Iterative Adjoint-Based Method

Design sensitivity analysis of static aeroelastic stresses constitutes an important issue for the gradient-based integrated design optimization of wing structure, and can be analytically performed using a new modified stiffness matrix. However, introducing a modified stiffness matrix into the calculation will give rise to additional computational effort. Additionally, the direct method is incompetent for the problem containing a large number of design variables. In this research, a novel iterative adjoint-based method is presented for stress sensitivity analysis of flexible wing, the basis of which lies in the coupling between aerodynamic potential-flow panel model and structural finite element (FE) model. By virtue of an iterative approach for evaluating adjoint variable, we can obviate the modification to original stiffness matrix. Moreover, the adjoint-based method is more superior to the direct method when there are a large number of design variables. To demonstrate the verification of the algorithms, a rectangular wing, a swept wing and a large-scale unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are employed as numerical examples, and the design sensitivities of element equivalent stresses are calculated and analyzed.

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