Language Classification: History and Method

1. Introduction: how are languages shown to be related to one another? 2. The beginning of comparative linguistics 3. 'Asiatic Jones, Oriental Jones': Sir William Jones' role in the rise of comparative linguistics 4. Consolidation of the comparative linguistics 5. How some languages were shown to belong to Indo-European 6. Comparative linguistics of other languages and regions 7. How to show languages are related: the methods 8. The philosophical-psychological-typological-evolutionary approach to language relationships 9. Assessment of proposed distant genetic relationships 10. Beyond the comparative method? 11. Why and how do languages diversify and spread? 12. What can we learn about the earliest human language by comparing languages known today? 13. Conclusions: anticipating the future.