E-Learning 3.0: Anyone, Anywhere, Anytime, and AI

The concept of e-Learning 2.0 has become well established and widely accepted. Just like how e-Learning 2.0 replaced its predecessor, we are again on the verge of a transformation. Both previous generations of e-Learning 1.0 and 2.0 closely parody the prevalent technologies available in their kin Web versions 1.0 and 2.0, respectively. In order to acquire a better perspective to assess what technologies will be available in the Web 3.0 and therefore e-Learning 3.0, we take a historical glance at the previous generations of e-Learning and theWeb. We then survey some existing predictions for e-Learning 3.0 and finally provide our own. Previous surveys tend to identify educational needs for e-Learning, and then discuss what technologies are required to satisfy these needs. Educational needs are an important factor, but the required technologies may not reach fruition. Gauging past trends we take the reverse approach by first identifying technologies that are likely to be brought forth by the Web 3.0, and only then looking at how these technologies could be utilized in the learning domain. In particular, we pin-point Artificial Intelligence more specifically Machine Learning and Data Mining as a major driving force behind the Web 3.0. We therefore examine the influence that AI might exert on the development of e-Learning 3.0.