GENOTOXICITY OF WASTEWATER SAMPLES FROM THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY DETECTED BY BROAD BEAN (VICIA FABA) MICRONUCLEUS TEST ASSAY

The textile wastewater induces a significant number of environmental problems, and while its toxicity has been extensively described in literature, its genotoxic and cytotoxic potential is not well known. The presence of non-biodegradable and highly toxic compounds in textile effluents make textile wastewater a possible source of ecological concern. Therefore, new data in subject matter may be very useful for their risk assessment. In the study the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of textile wastewater derived from leather dyeing in reference to meristematic Vicia faba (V. faba) root cells has been studied. The study results show that textile wastewater decreased the mitotic index (MI) as well as significantly enhanced the micronucleus frequencies (MCN) and number of chromosomal aberrations (CA) in root cells. The MCN frequencies for wastewater samples were in the range of tested concentration 6.5 – 43.5 times higher than the negative control (NC). Also the correlation between the decreasing MI ratio and increasing wastewater concentration were detected. For the highest wastewater concentration the MI value was over 9 times lower than in the NC. The results indicate that textile wastewater has a genotoxic effect on plant cells and exposure to untreated wastewater can pose a potential cytotoxic and genotoxic risk.

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