The use of knowledge in inter-organisational knowledge-networks: an empirical investigation

In the realm of a global knowledge-based economy, inter-organisational knowledge-networks (IOKNs) are increasingly established with the aim of producing, using and disseminating new knowledge. Investigating into IOKNs, first, an initial theoretical foundation is offered on the basis of the economics of knowledge and the organisational network approach. Subsequently, several hypotheses are derived concerning the use of the knowledge-output in this specific organisational mode. These are tested against the data obtained from a questionnaire survey sent to 3,523 scientific and business addressees. The results show that regulations concerning the use of knowledge depend on the partner-structure and the kind of research performed in IOKNs. However, other theoretical predictions concerning the effects of the degree of diversity of the partners and the specific characteristics of knowledge on the rules for the use of the knowledge output could not be confirmed. In addition to an interpretation of these results, recommendations for further research are also derived.

[1]  H. Thorelli Networks: Between Markets and Hierarchies , 1986 .

[2]  Scott J. Wallsten,et al.  Public-Private Technology Partnerships , 1999 .

[3]  Amalya L. Oliver,et al.  Social Networks, Learning, and Flexibility: Sourcing Scientific Knowledge in New Biotechnology Firms , 1994 .

[4]  J. Mitchell,et al.  The Concept and Use of Social Networks , 1969 .

[5]  D. Teece Profiting from technological innovation: Implications for integration, collaboration, licensing and public policy , 1993 .

[6]  R. Camagni Innovation Networks , 1991 .

[7]  H. Foerster,et al.  Einführung in den Konstruktivismus , 1995 .

[8]  Derek J. de Solla Price,et al.  The science/technology relationship, the craft of experimental science, and policy for the improvement of high technology innovation☆ , 1993 .

[9]  Gabriel Szulanski UNPACKING STICKINESS: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE BARRIERS TO TRANSFER BEST PRACTICE INSIDE THE FIRM. , 1995 .

[10]  K. Weick The social psychology of organizing , 1969 .

[11]  Bernard L. Simonin Ambiguity and the process of knowledge transfer in strategic alliances , 1999 .

[12]  I. Nonaka,et al.  The Knowledge Creating Company , 2008 .

[13]  K. Weick,et al.  Loosely Coupled Systems: A Reconceptualization , 1990 .

[14]  J. Sydow Strategische Netzwerke: Evolution und Organisation , 1992 .

[15]  C. Prahalad,et al.  The core competence of the corporation’, Harvard Business Review, Vol. pp. . , 1990 .

[16]  Michel Callon,et al.  Is Science a Public Good? Fifth Mullins Lecture, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, 23 March 1993 , 1994 .

[17]  R. Nelson The Simple Economics of Basic Scientific Research , 1959, Journal of Political Economy.

[18]  A. R. Radcliffe-Brown ON SOCIAL STRUCTURE , 1940 .

[19]  B. Nooteboom Learning and Innovation in Organizations and Economies , 2000 .

[20]  Paula E. Stephan,et al.  Property rights and entrepreneurship in science , 1996 .

[21]  D. Dillman Mail and telephone surveys : the total design method , 1979 .

[22]  W. Hagstrom The scientific community , 1966 .

[23]  Heidrun C. Hoppe,et al.  Ökonomie der Grundlagenforschung und Wissenschaftspolitik , 2001 .

[24]  C. Prahalad,et al.  The Core Competence of the Corporation , 1990 .

[25]  Andrea Piccaluga,et al.  A theoretical framework for the evaluation of university‐industry relationships , 1994 .

[26]  J. H. Dyer,et al.  Creating and managing a high‐performance knowledge‐sharing network: the Toyota case , 2000 .

[27]  D. Teece,et al.  DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT , 1997 .

[28]  Yves L. Doz,et al.  Technology Partnerships between Larger and Smaller Firms: Some Critical Issues , 1987 .

[29]  Mark S. Granovetter The Strength of Weak Ties , 1973, American Journal of Sociology.

[30]  H G Johnson Some economic aspects of science , 1971, Ciba Foundation symposium.

[31]  H. D. Thomas,et al.  SUCCESSFUL KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PROJECTS , 1998 .

[32]  J. Sydow,et al.  Über Netzwerke, virtuelle Integration und Interorganisationsbeziehungen , 1997 .

[33]  Daniel A. Levinthal,et al.  ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY: A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON LEARNING AND INNOVATION , 1990 .

[34]  E. Zajac,et al.  FROM TRANSACTION COST TO TRANSACTIONAL VALUE ANALYSIS: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STUDY OF INTERORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGIES* , 1993 .

[35]  D. Teece,et al.  The Dynamic Capabilities of Firms: an Introduction , 1994 .

[36]  J. Jarillo On strategic networks , 1988 .

[37]  L. Bengtsson,et al.  The Interorganizational Learning Dilemma: Collective Knowledge Development in Strategic Alliances , 1998 .

[38]  Stephen Tallman,et al.  Resources, Transactions and Rents: Managing Value Through Interfirm Collaborative Relationships , 1998 .

[39]  D. Samson,et al.  DEVELOPING INNOVATION CAPABILITY IN ORGANISATIONS: A DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES APPROACH , 2001 .

[40]  R. Kahn,et al.  The Social Psychology of Organizations , 1966 .

[41]  P. David,et al.  Toward a new economics of science , 1994 .

[42]  B. Weber Unternehmungsnetzwerke aus systemtheoretischer Sicht — Zum Verhältnis von Autonomie und Abhängigkeit in Interorganisationsbeziehungen , 1997 .

[43]  Kathleen M. Eisenhardt,et al.  DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES, WHAT ARE THEY? , 2000 .

[44]  G. Simmel The sociology of Georg Simmel , 1950 .

[45]  Liam Fahey,et al.  The Eleven Deadliest Sins of Knowledge Management , 1998 .

[46]  W. Bennis,et al.  The Social Psychology of Organizations , 1966 .

[47]  Paula E. Stephan The Economics of Science , 1996 .

[48]  Jörg Sydow,et al.  Wissensintensiv durch Netzwerkorganisation — Strukturationstheoretische Analyse eines wissensintensiven Netzwerkes , 2006 .

[49]  R. Merton Priorities in scientific discovery: A chapter in the sociology of science. , 1957 .

[50]  M. Polanyi Chapter 7 – The Tacit Dimension , 1997 .

[51]  U. Schmoch,et al.  Science-based technologies: university-industry interactions in four fields , 1998 .

[52]  D. Leonard,et al.  The Role of Tacit Knowledge in Group Innovation , 1998 .

[53]  K. Arrow Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention , 1962 .

[54]  M. Sawhney,et al.  Communities of Creation: Managing Distributed Innovation in Turbulent Markets , 2000 .

[55]  J. Pfeffer,et al.  The External Control of Organizations. , 1978 .

[56]  Robert N. Stern,et al.  The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective. , 1979 .

[57]  Martin Fransman,et al.  Designing Dolly: Interactions between economics, technology and science and the evolution of hybrid institutions , 2001 .

[58]  Richard Harris,et al.  The knowledge‐based economy: intellectual origins and new economic perspectives , 2001 .

[59]  Jörg Sydow,et al.  Vertrauen und Ökonomie in Netzwerkbeziehungen — Strukturationstheoretische Betrachtungen , 1997 .