Microfluidic Injector Models Based on Artificial Neural Networks

Lab-on-a-chip (LoC) systems can be functionally decomposed into their basic operating devices. Common devices are mixers, reactors, injectors, and separators. In this paper, the injector device is modeled using artificial neural networks (NNs) trained with finite element simulations of the underlying mass transport partial differential equations (PDEs). This technique is used to map the injector behavior into a set of analytical performance functions parameterized by the system's physical variables. The injector examples shown are the cross, the double-tee, and the gated-cross. The results are four orders of magnitude faster than numerical simulation and accurate with mean square errors (MSEs) on the order of$10^-4$. The resulting NN training data compare favorably with experimental data from a gated-cross injector found in the literature.

[1]  Manish Deshpande,et al.  Novel Designs for Electrokinetic Injection in μTAS , 2000 .

[2]  Darwin R. Reyes,et al.  Micro total analysis systems. 2. Analytical standard operations and applications. , 2002, Analytical chemistry.

[3]  Howard H. Hu,et al.  Numerical simulation of electroosmotic flow. , 1998, Analytical chemistry.

[4]  Kurt Seiler,et al.  Electroosmotic Pumping and Valveless Control of Fluid Flow within a Manifold of Capillaries on a Glass Chip , 1994 .

[5]  A. Berg,et al.  Micro Total Analysis Systems , 1995 .

[6]  Tamal Mukherjee,et al.  System-oriented dispersion models of general-shaped electrophoresis microchannels. , 2004, Lab on a chip.

[7]  Paul Bratley,et al.  Algorithm 659: Implementing Sobol's quasirandom sequence generator , 1988, TOMS.

[8]  D. J. Harrison,et al.  Microchip systems for immunoassay: an integrated immunoreactor with electrophoretic separation for serum theophylline determination. , 1998, Clinical chemistry.

[9]  Tamal Mukherjee,et al.  AN INJECTOR COMPONENT MODEL FOR COMPLETE MICROFLUIDIC ELECTROKINETIC SEPARATION SYSTEMS , 2004 .

[10]  Andrew R. Barron,et al.  Universal approximation bounds for superpositions of a sigmoidal function , 1993, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[11]  Tamal Mukherjee,et al.  A model for Joule heating-induced dispersion in microchip electrophoresis. , 2004, Lab on a chip.

[12]  Frances Y. Kuo,et al.  Remark on algorithm 659: Implementing Sobol's quasirandom sequence generator , 2003, TOMS.

[13]  Stephan Rudolph,et al.  On topology, size and generalization of non-linear feed-forward neural networks , 1997, Neurocomputing.

[14]  Yi Wang,et al.  Composable Behavioral Models and Schematic-Based Simulation of Electrokinetic Lab-on-a-Chip Systems , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems.

[15]  R. Probstein.  Physicochemical Hydrodynamics: An Introduction , 1989 .

[16]  Tamal Mukherjee,et al.  System-oriented modeling and simulation of biofluidic lab-on-a-chip , 2005, The 13th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems, 2005. Digest of Technical Papers. TRANSDUCERS '05..

[17]  J. Michael Ramsey,et al.  Effects of injection schemes and column geometry on the performance of microchip electrophoresis devices , 1994 .

[18]  Rob A. Rutenbar,et al.  Remembrance of circuits past: macromodeling by data mining in large analog design spaces , 2002, DAC '02.

[19]  D. J. Harrison,et al.  Effects of injector geometry and sample matrix on injection and sample loading in integrated capillary electrophoresis devices , 1999, Electrophoresis.

[20]  S. Jacobson,et al.  Computer simulations of electrokinetic transport in microfabricated channel structures. , 1998, Analytical chemistry.

[21]  Krishnendu Chakrabarty,et al.  Design automation methods and tools for microfluidics-based biochips , 2006 .

[22]  S. Jacobson,et al.  Computer simulations of electrokinetic injection techniques in microfluidic devices , 2000, Analytical chemistry.

[23]  T. Mukherjee,et al.  Applications of behavioral modeling and simulation on a lab-on-a-chip: micro-mixer and separation system , 2004, Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Behavioral Modeling and Simulation Conference, 2004. BMAS 2004..

[24]  Heekuck Oh,et al.  Neural Networks for Pattern Recognition , 1993, Adv. Comput..

[25]  S. K. Griffiths,et al.  Conditions for similitude between the fluid velocity and electric field in electroosmotic flow , 1999, Analytical chemistry.

[26]  Darwin R. Reyes,et al.  Micro total analysis systems. 1. Introduction, theory, and technology. , 2002, Analytical chemistry.

[27]  Yongjae Lee,et al.  Computer Aided Design and Optimization of Integrated Circuits with RF MEMS Devices by an ANN Based Macro-Modeling Approach , 2005 .