Study on activated carbon derived from sewage sludge for adsorption of gaseous formaldehyde.

The aim of this work is to evaluate the adsorption performances of activated carbon derived from sewage sludge (ACSS) for gaseous formaldehyde removal compared with three commercial activated carbons (CACs) using self-designing adsorption and distillation system. Formaldehyde desorption of the activated carbons for regeneration was also studied using thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The porous structure and surface characteristics were studied using N2 adsorption and desorption isotherms, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that ACSS has excellent adsorption performance, which is overall superior to the CACs. Adsorption theory indicates that the ACSS outperforms the CACs due to its appropriate porous structure and surface chemistry characteristics for formaldehyde adsorption. The TG analysis of desorption shows that the optimum temperature to regenerate ACSS is 75°C, which is affordable and economical for recycling.

[1]  M. Seredych,et al.  Effect of fly ash addition on the removal of hydrogen sulfide from biogas and air on sewage sludge-based composite adsorbents. , 2008, Waste management.

[2]  M. Lillo-Ródenas,et al.  High surface area materials prepared from sewage sludge-based precursors. , 2006, Chemosphere.

[3]  Young‐Kwon Park,et al.  The low-temperature SCR of NO over rice straw and sewage sludge derived char , 2010 .

[4]  G. Lu,et al.  Characterisation of sewage sludge-derived adsorbents for H2S removal. Part 2: Surface and pore structural evolution in chemical activation , 1996 .

[5]  Hongxia Xi,et al.  Effect of Relative Humidity on Adsorption of Formaldehyde on Modified Activated Carbons , 2008 .

[6]  J. Jang,et al.  Activated carbon nanofiber produced from electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber as a highly efficient formaldehyde adsorbent , 2010 .

[7]  Sumin Kim,et al.  Comparison of standard methods and gas chromatography method in determination of formaldehyde emission from MDF bonded with formaldehyde-based resins. , 2005, Bioresource technology.

[8]  Yonghun Lee,et al.  Adsorption characteristics of phenol and chlorophenols on granular activated carbons (GAC) , 2001 .

[9]  M. Guo,et al.  Quality of poultry litter-derived granular activated carbon. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[10]  N. Zhu,et al.  Preparation of sludge-based activated carbon and its application in dye wastewater treatment. , 2008, Journal of hazardous materials.

[11]  N J D Graham,et al.  Sewage sludge-based adsorbents: a review of their production, properties and use in water treatment applications. , 2009, Water research.

[12]  T. L. Hill.  The structure and properties of porous materials , 1960 .

[13]  D. Eastmond,et al.  Formaldehyde exposure and leukemia: a new meta-analysis and potential mechanisms. , 2009, Mutation research.

[14]  E. Teller,et al.  On a Theory of the van der Waals Adsorption of Gases , 1940 .

[15]  W. Tanthapanichakoon,et al.  Preparation of activated carbons from coffee residue for the adsorption of formaldehyde , 2005 .

[16]  A. Dutta,et al.  Production of activated carbon from coconut shell: optimization using response surface methodology. , 2008, Bioresource technology.

[17]  X. Fan,et al.  Adsorption properties of activated carbon from sewage sludge to alkaline-black , 2008 .

[18]  H. Demiral,et al.  Preparation of high-surface area activated carbons from Paulownia wood by ZnCl2 activation , 2009 .

[19]  A Dufour,et al.  Activated carbons prepared from wood particleboard wastes: characterisation and phenol adsorption capacities. , 2009, Journal of hazardous materials.

[20]  B. Girgis,et al.  Impact of surface characteristics of activated carbon on adsorption of BTEX , 2003 .

[21]  H. Demiral,et al.  Removal of nitrate from aqueous solutions by activated carbon prepared from sugar beet bagasse. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[22]  Shijun Su,et al.  Characterization of mesoporous activated carbons prepared by pyrolysis of sewage sludge with pyrolusite. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[23]  Luoping Zhang,et al.  Formaldehyde in China: production, consumption, exposure levels, and health effects. , 2009, Environment international.

[24]  W. E. Marshall,et al.  Adsorption of volatile organic compounds by pecan shell- and almond shell-based granular activated carbons. , 2003, Bioresource technology.

[25]  M. Otero,et al.  Adsorption of heavy metals onto sewage sludge-derived materials. , 2008, Bioresource technology.

[26]  G. Mckay,et al.  An adsorption diffusion model for removal of para-chlorophenol by activated carbon derived from bituminous coal. , 2010, Environmental pollution.

[27]  Fu-Shen Zhang,et al.  Mercury removal from water using activated carbons derived from organic sewage sludge. , 2005, Water research.

[28]  A. S. Franca,et al.  Activated carbons from waste biomass: an alternative use for biodiesel production solid residues. , 2009, Bioresource technology.