A low cost smart power meter for IoT

Abstract The smart city in urban planning and architecture is a set of urban planning strategies aimed at optimizing and innovating public services so as to relate the material infrastructures of cities “with the human, intellectual and social capital of those who live there” thanks to the widespread use of new communication technologies, mobility, environment and energy efficiency, in order to improve the quality of life and meet the needs of citizens, businesses and institutions. Nowadays we hear more and more about the Internet of Things (IoT). Smart devices connected to the internet are increasing in cities. Cities become smart, but at the same time it is not considered the quality of data that these devices send over the internet. The authors, starting from the experience gained previously, in this work focus on energy efficiency, and in particular how energy measurements are performed and sent. The authors propose a low cost smart electric meter for the measurement of electrical parameters. The meter is capable of adapting to the variability of the grid maintaining a high level of measurement accuracy. On the proposed smart meter two algorithms are developed and compared both in simulation and with real signals.

[1]  Mattias O'Nils,et al.  Architectural evaluation of node: server partitioning for people counting , 2018, ICDSC.

[2]  A. Pietrosanto,et al.  Smart metering for demand side management , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings.

[3]  Yu Cheng,et al.  Dynamic response model between power demand and power tariff , 2004, 2004 International Conference on Power System Technology, 2004. PowerCon 2004..

[4]  Jen-Hao Teng,et al.  Development of an automatic reliability calculation system for advanced metering infrastructure , 2010, 2010 8th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics.

[5]  Pavel Rajmic,et al.  Goertzel algorithm generalized to non-integer multiples of fundamental frequency , 2012, EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process..

[6]  Klaus R. Kunzmann,et al.  Smart Cities: A New Paradigm of Urban Development , 2014 .

[7]  Gordan Struklec,et al.  Implementing DLMS/COSEM in smart meters , 2011, 2011 8th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM).

[8]  Andrea Zanella,et al.  Internet of Things for Smart Cities , 2014, IEEE Internet of Things Journal.

[9]  Saraju P. Mohanty,et al.  Everything You Wanted to Know About Smart Cities , 2016, IEEE Consumer Electron. Mag..

[10]  Xin Shan,et al.  A detection method for response time of overall primary frequency regulation of power grid , 2017, 2017 IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2).

[11]  A. Pigazo,et al.  Modified FBD Method in Active Power Filters to Minimize the Line Current Harmonics , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[12]  Vincenzo Paciello,et al.  Smart Sensors for Demand Response , 2017, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[13]  Santiago Grijalva,et al.  Prosumer-based smart grid architecture enables a flat, sustainable electricity industry , 2011, ISGT 2011.

[14]  H. Serra,et al.  Domestic power consumption measurement and automatic home appliance detection , 2005, IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Signal Processing, 2005..

[15]  Nouredine Hadjsaid,et al.  Smart (Electricity) Grids for Smart Cities: Assessing Roles and Societal Impacts , 2018, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[16]  Vincenzo Paciello,et al.  Smart meter for the IoT , 2018, 2018 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC).

[17]  Nilanjan Mukherjee,et al.  Effect of sudden variation of grid voltage in primary frequency control application using converter based energy storage systems for weak grid systems , 2017, 2017 19th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'17 ECCE Europe).

[18]  Vincenzo Paciello,et al.  Smart Power Meter for the IoT , 2018, 2018 IEEE 16th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN).

[19]  Xiao Zhang,et al.  A Bidirectional Electric Energy Metering Algorithm Based on the Fundamental Component Extraction and Alternating Current Sampling , 2018, 2018 2nd IEEE Advanced Information Management,Communicates,Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IMCEC).

[20]  Marimuthu Palaniswami,et al.  An Information Framework for Creating a Smart City Through Internet of Things , 2014, IEEE Internet of Things Journal.

[21]  Vincenzo Paciello,et al.  Performance Analysis of wM-Bus Networks for Smart Metering , 2017, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[22]  Leszek S. Czarnecki,et al.  Budeanu and fryze: Two frameworks for interpreting power properties of circuits with nonsinusoidal voltages and currents , 1997 .

[23]  Giorgio Matteo Vitetta,et al.  On the performance of 169 MHz WM-Bus and 868 MHz LoRa technologies in smart metering applications , 2017, 2017 IEEE 3rd International Forum on Research and Technologies for Society and Industry (RTSI).

[24]  Martin Ordonez,et al.  Voltage and Frequency Grid Support Strategies Beyond Standards , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[25]  V. S. Stepanov,et al.  Smart grid: Effect of high harmonics on electricity consumers in distribution networks , 2013, 2013 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility.

[26]  Taskin Koçak,et al.  Smart Grid Technologies: Communication Technologies and Standards , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics.

[27]  Daniel Ogheneovo Johnson,et al.  Issues of Power Quality in Electrical Systems , 2016 .

[28]  Yeong-Chin Chen,et al.  Implementation of Power Measurement System with Fourier Series and Zero-Crossing Algorithm , 2014, 2014 International Symposium on Computer, Consumer and Control.

[29]  A.E. Emanuel,et al.  Summary of IEEE standard 1459: definitions for the measurement of electric power quantities under sinusoidal, nonsinusoidal, balanced, or unbalanced conditions , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[30]  Gang Xiong,et al.  A Communication-Based Appliance Scheduling Scheme for Consumer-Premise Energy Management Systems , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[31]  Rosario Morello,et al.  A Smart Power Meter to Monitor Energy Flow in Smart Grids: The Role of Advanced Sensing and IoT in the Electric Grid of the Future , 2017, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[32]  Zheng Liu,et al.  Advances on Sensing Technologies for Smart Cities and Power Grids: A Review , 2017, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[33]  Gang Xiong,et al.  Smart (in-home) power scheduling for demand response on the smart grid , 2011, ISGT 2011.

[34]  Fagen Li,et al.  Practical Secure Communication for Integrating Wireless Sensor Networks Into the Internet of Things , 2013, IEEE Sensors Journal.