Abstract and Keywords

An abstract of a scientific article is a precise, clear, and stand-alone statement that provides an overview of the work to the reader and plays an important role in increasing the visibility. An effective abstract should encapsulate the essence of the article and give all essential information about the study/paper, as it’s often only the abstract that’s scrutinized by potential readers and reviewers. An abstract can be descriptive or informative. Informative abstracts can again be divided as structured and unstructured abstracts. The components of an abstract are introduction/background, methods, results, and conclusion. The discussion is not necessarily a part of the abstract unless specified. Results followed by methods should be the main emphasis of the abstract. The title of an article is keyed and hence the specific words/phrases that are used repeatedly in the manuscript can be used as keywords.