Hot deformation behavior and constitutive modeling of homogenized 6026 aluminum alloy

Abstract The isothermal hot compression tests of homogenized 6026 aluminum alloy under wide range of deformation temperatures (673–823 K) and strain rates (0.001–10 s−1) were conducted using Gleeble-1500 thermo-simulation machine. According to the experimental obtained true stress–strain data, the constitutive equations were derived based on the original Johnson–Cook (JC) model, modified JC model, Arrhenius model and strain compensated Arrhenius model, respectively. Moreover, the prediction accuracy of these established models was evaluated by calculating the correlation coefficient (R) and average absolute relative error (AARE). The results show that the flow behavior of homogenized 6026 aluminum alloy is significantly affected by the strain rate and temperature. The original JC model is inadequate to provide good description on the flow stress at evaluated temperatures. The modified JC model and Arrhenius model greatly improve the predictability, since both of these models consider the coupled effects of deformation temperature and strain rate. However, to give more precise description, the influence of strain on the material constants should be introduced into Arrhenius model.

[1]  W. Li,et al.  Constitutive equations for high temperature flow stress prediction of Al–14Cu–7Ce alloy , 2011 .

[2]  Y. Lin,et al.  A critical review of experimental results and constitutive descriptions for metals and alloys in hot working , 2011 .

[3]  Bob Svendsen,et al.  Thermomechanical modeling and simulation of aluminum alloy behavior during extrusion and cooling , 2009 .

[4]  A. K. Bhaduri,et al.  Constitutive analysis to predict high-temperature flow stress in modified 9Cr–1Mo (P91) steel , 2010 .

[5]  Hao Chen,et al.  Numerical simulation and metal flow analysis of hot extrusion process for a complex hollow aluminum profile , 2012 .

[6]  Q. Hou,et al.  A modified Johnson–Cook constitutive model for Mg–Gd–Y alloy extended to a wide range of temperatures , 2010 .

[7]  Sverre Brandal,et al.  Optimisation of flow balance and isothermal extrusion of aluminium using finite-element simulations , 2011 .

[8]  A. K. Bhaduri,et al.  A comparative study on Johnson Cook, modified Zerilli–Armstrong and Arrhenius-type constitutive models to predict elevated temperature flow behaviour in modified 9Cr–1Mo steel , 2009 .

[9]  Guoqun Zhao,et al.  Constitutive analysis of homogenized 7005 aluminum alloy at evaluated temperature for extrusion process , 2015 .

[10]  Amit Kumar Maheshwari,et al.  Modified Johnson–Cook material flow model for hot deformation processing , 2010 .

[11]  Y. C. Lin,et al.  A modified Johnson-Cook model for tensile behaviors of typical high-strength alloy steel , 2010 .

[12]  Ali A. Roostaei,et al.  Constitutive base analysis of a 7075 aluminum alloy during hot compression testing , 2011 .

[13]  J. H. Hollomon,et al.  Effect of Strain Rate Upon Plastic Flow of Steel , 1944 .

[14]  Y. C. Lin,et al.  A combined Johnson–Cook and Zerilli–Armstrong model for hot compressed typical high-strength alloy steel , 2010 .

[15]  Facai Ren,et al.  Constitutive modeling of hot deformation behavior of X20Cr13 martensitic stainless steel with strain effect , 2014 .

[16]  D. Agard,et al.  Microtubule nucleation by γ-tubulin complexes , 2011, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology.

[17]  Baoyu Wang,et al.  Two constitutive descriptions of boron steel 22MnB5 at high temperature , 2014 .

[18]  Guoqun Zhao,et al.  Analysis and porthole die design for a multi-hole extrusion process of a hollow, thin-walled aluminum profile , 2014 .

[19]  Xiaofeng Wang,et al.  A modified Johnson Cook model for elevated temperature flow behavior of T24 steel , 2013 .

[20]  Y. C. Lin,et al.  Hot compressive deformation behavior of 7075 Al alloy under elevated temperature , 2012, Journal of Materials Science.

[21]  Ali A. Roostaei,et al.  The high temperature flow behavior modeling of AZ81 magnesium alloy considering strain effects , 2012 .

[22]  Xitao Wang,et al.  A comparative study on Johnson–Cook, modified Johnson–Cook and Arrhenius-type constitutive models to predict the high temperature flow stress in 20CrMo alloy steel , 2013 .

[23]  N. Haghdadi,et al.  Artificial neural network modeling to predict the high temperature flow behavior of an AZ81 magnesium alloy , 2012, Materials & Design.

[24]  Y. C. Lin,et al.  A phenomenological constitutive model for high temperature flow stress prediction of Al–Cu–Mg alloy , 2012 .

[25]  Z. Yin,et al.  Hot deformation behavior and microstructural evolution of homogenized 7050 aluminum alloy during compression at elevated temperature , 2011 .

[26]  Weidong Song,et al.  A modified Johnson–Cook model for titanium matrix composites reinforced with titanium carbide particles at elevated temperatures , 2013 .

[27]  C. Sellars,et al.  On the mechanism of hot deformation , 1966 .

[28]  Guoqun Zhao,et al.  Constitutive relationships of hot stamping boron steel B1500HS based on the modified Arrhenius and Johnson–Cook model , 2013 .

[29]  Mohammad Habibi Parsa,et al.  Constitutive equations for elevated temperature flow behavior of commercial purity aluminum , 2012 .

[30]  A. K. Bhaduri,et al.  Flow behavior and microstructural evolution during hot deformation of AISI Type 316 L(N) austenitic stainless steel , 2011 .

[31]  Y. Lin,et al.  Constitutive descriptions for hot compressed 2124-T851 aluminum alloy over a wide range of temperature and strain rate , 2010 .

[32]  N. Haghdadi,et al.  A comparative study on the capability of Johnson–Cook and Arrhenius-type constitutive equations to describe the flow behavior of Mg–6Al–1Zn alloy , 2014 .

[33]  W. Ding,et al.  Prediction of flow stress of Mg–Nd–Zn–Zr alloy during hot compression , 2012 .

[34]  A. K. Bhaduri,et al.  A new relationship between the stress multipliers of Garofalo equation for constitutive analysis of hot deformation in modified 9Cr–1Mo (P91) steel , 2011 .