Optimal cluster head selection framework to support energy aware routing protocols of wireless sensor network

Data transfer to the base station from the sensor node through the choice of an optimal cluster head is a huge challenge posed for the routing protocol, in the case of the wireless sensor network. An energy proficient clustering scheme relying on artificial bee colony algorithm and fractional artificial bee colony algorithm tends to maximise the network energy and lifetime of nodes through the selection of an optimal cluster head. However, the growing complexity of the network architecture requires substantial improvement. This paper develops a weighing model as a cost function to represent the optimal cluster head selection problem. Further, the traditional ABC is enhanced by adopting a novel adaptive concept called dynamic scout bee, and hence ABC-DS algorithm is derived in this paper. According to the concept of ABC-DS, multiplicating the scout bee generation enhances the number of alive nodes and the energy of cluster head. Comparative study between the performance of the proposed ABC-DS routing mechanism against that of ABC and FABC-based routing is conducted. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme increases the number of alive nodes with 25% of maximum normalised network energy than the existing protocols.