Chapter 1 – Change Measurement*

The representation and measurement of change is a central concern of virtually all scientific disciplines. Studying change directly requires the implementation of longitudinal research designs. From simple difference scores to complicated multivariate models, a variety of methods, procedures, and techniques involving longitudinal design have been developed to assist researchers in the quantification and analysis of change. Many of these tools are identified and examined in this chapter. Obviously, there is not one best way to study change. We have tried to identify some important alternatives, many of which are discussed at length in other chapters of this volume.

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