Acetylcholinesterase biosensor for carbamate drugs based on tetrathiafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane/ionic liquid conductive gels.

A highly sensitive acetylcholinesterase biosensor was developed for detection of carbamate drugs based on TTF-TCNQ-ionic liquid gel thiocholine sensor. The TTF-TCNQ-ionic/ionic liquid gel was characterized by FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy. The electrocatalytic behavior of TTF-TCNQ-ionic liquid gels toward oxidation of thiocholine was thoroughly investigated. 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate gel based sensor allowed amperometric detection of thiocholine at +400 mV vs. Ag/AgCl with a high sensitivity of 55.9±1.2 μA mM(-1)cm(-2) and a low detection limit equal to 7.6 μM. The catalytic rate constant and diffusion constant of thiocholine were estimated from chronoamperometric data. The proposed biosensor based on AChE immobilized in sol-gel matrix was used for the detection of two carbamate therapeutic drugs. Very low detection limits of 26 pM eserine and 0.3 nM neostigmine were achieved. The analysis of spiked tap water proved the biosensor capability to be used as a screening method for detection of carbamate drugs in wastewaters.

[1]  B. Ye,et al.  Improvement of the performance of H2O2 oxidation at low working potential by incorporating TTF-TCNQ into a platinum wire electrode for glucose determination. , 1999, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[2]  F. Varin,et al.  Determination of neostigmine in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. , 1999, Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications.

[3]  Jean-Louis Marty,et al.  Twenty years research in cholinesterase biosensors: from basic research to practical applications. , 2006, Biomolecular engineering.

[4]  M. Ledoux.  Analytical methods applied to the determination of pesticide residues in foods of animal origin. A review of the past two decades. , 2011, Journal of chromatography. A.

[5]  A. Townshend,et al.  Flow injection determination of neostigmine and galanthamine by immobilised acetylcholinesterase inhibition , 1998 .

[6]  Danila Moscone,et al.  Electrocatalytic oxidation of thiocholine at chemically modified cobalt hexacyanoferrate screen-printed electrodes , 2009 .

[7]  G. S. Wilson,et al.  Enzyme electrocatalysis at the TTF-TCNQ electrode , 1990, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[8]  M. Pumera,et al.  New materials for electrochemical sensing VI: Carbon nanotubes , 2005 .

[9]  Guodong Liu,et al.  Biosensor based on self-assembling acetylcholinesterase on carbon nanotubes for flow injection/amperometric detection of organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents. , 2006, Analytical chemistry.

[10]  Xia Sun,et al.  Acetylcholinesterase biosensor based on Prussian blue-modified electrode for detecting organophosphorous pesticides. , 2010, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[11]  I B WILSON,et al.  Carbamyl derivatives of acetylcholinesterase. , 1961, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[12]  L. Goldenberg,et al.  A biosensor for monitoring formaldehyde using a new lipophilic tetrathiafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane salt and a polyurethane membrane. , 2002, Talanta.

[13]  T. Fukushima.  π-Electronic Soft Materials Based on Graphitic Nanostructures , 2006 .

[14]  Takuzo Aida,et al.  Ionic liquids for soft functional materials with carbon nanotubes. , 2007, Chemistry.

[15]  Percy Calvo-Marzal,et al.  Determination of glutathione in hemolysed erythrocyte with amperometric sensor based on TTF-TCNQ. , 2006, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[16]  C. Geula,et al.  Neurobiology of butyrylcholinesterase , 2003, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[17]  H. Schneider,et al.  Liquid chromatographic analysis of physostigmine salicylate and its degradation products. , 1999, Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis.

[18]  John P. Hart,et al.  Voltammetric and amperometric studies of thiocholine at a screen-printed carbon electrode chemically modified with cobalt phthalocyanine: studies towards a pesticide sensor , 1994 .

[19]  M. Šnejdárková,et al.  Acetylcholine minisensor based on metal‐supported lipid bilayers for determination of environmental pollutants , 1997 .

[20]  M. Kordas,et al.  A comparison of the effect of cholinesterase inhibitors on end-plate current and on cholinesterase activity in frog muscle , 1975, Neuropharmacology.

[21]  C. Lennartz,et al.  Charge transfer in thin films of donor–acceptor complexes studied by infrared spectroscopy , 2012 .

[22]  Judith Rishpon,et al.  A potentiometric biosensor for pesticides based on the thiocholine hexacyanoferrate(III) reaction , 1994 .

[23]  Dimitrios P. Nikolelis,et al.  Acetylcholine Biosensor Based on Dendrimer Layers for Pesticides Detection , 2003 .

[24]  Lucian-Gabriel Zamfir,et al.  A rational design of the multiwalled carbon nanotube-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethan sensor for sensitive detection of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. , 2012, Analytica chimica acta.

[25]  G. Palleschi,et al.  Enzyme inhibition-based biosensors for food safety and environmental monitoring. , 2006, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[26]  Lucian-Gabriel Zamfir,et al.  A novel, sensitive, reusable and low potential acetylcholinesterase biosensor for chlorpyrifos based on 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate/multiwalled carbon nanotubes gel. , 2011, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[27]  Aviad Hai,et al.  Acetylcholinesterase-ISFET based system for the detection of acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. , 2006, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[28]  J. Ouyang,et al.  Electronically and ionically conductive gels of ionic liquids and charge-transfer tetrathiafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane. , 2011, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[29]  C. Bala,et al.  Low potential thiocholine oxidation at carbon nanotube-ionic liquid gel sensor , 2010 .