Studies of Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydrase from Skeletonema costatum, a Marine Plankton Diatom.

The accumulation of delta-aminolevulinic acid and activities of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase were examined in the marine diatom, Skeletonema costatum, grown in the presence of levulinic acid. Levulinic acid concentrations greater than 10 mm affect growth and morphology, and inhibit chlorophyll synthesis. The algae recover from the effects of levulinic acid after 48 hours of exposure. The recovery is characterized by increased cellular cholorphyll content, decreased delta-aminolevulinic acid accumulation, decreased 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1, 1-dimethylurea-enhanced in vivo fluorescence, and the induction of a levulinic acid-activated delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase which does not follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The data indicate that levulinic acid blocks may be ineffective in vivo, and that delta-aminolevulinic acid is metabolized to amino and dicarboxylic acids. delta-Aminolevulinic acid dehydrase activities are used to estimate the capacity for chlorophyll synthesis. Results suggest this diatom may be capable of rapid chlorophyll turnover, which would allow the plant to light-shade adapt on the time scales appropriate to vertical mixing rates in the sea.

[1]  T. G. Owens,et al.  Effects of light intensity on photosynthesis and dark respiration in six species of marine phytoplankton , 1978 .

[2]  H. Friedmann,et al.  New pathway for δ-aminolevulinic acid biosynthesis: Formation from α-ketoglutaric acid by two partially purified plant enzymes , 1976 .

[3]  H. A. Schneider.  Enzymic Capacities for Chlorophyll Biosynthesis. Activation and de novo Synthesis of Enzymes , 1976, Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. Section C, Biosciences.

[4]  S. Granick,et al.  The biosynthesis of delta-aminolevulinic acid from the intact carbon skeleton of glutamic acid in greening barley. , 1976, Annals of clinical research.

[5]  E. Harel,et al.  Accumulation of delta-Aminolevulinic Acid and Its Relation to Chlorophyll Synthesis and Development of Plastid Structure in Greening Leaves. , 1975, Plant physiology.

[6]  R. Fluhr,et al.  Control of delta-Aminolevulinic Acid and Chlorophyll Accumulation in Greening Maize Leaves upon Light-Dark Transitions. , 1975, Plant physiology.

[7]  S. Granick,et al.  Biosynthesis of delta-aminolevulinic acid from the intact carbon skeleton of glutamic acid in greening barley. , 1975, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[8]  T. Oh-hama,et al.  The development of structure and function in chloroplasts of greening mutants of Scenedesmus III. Biosynthesis of δ-aminolevulinic acid , 1975 .

[9]  R. Troxler,et al.  Metabolism of δ-Aminolevulinic Acid in Red and Blue-Green Algae , 1975 .

[10]  A. Wellburn.  δ-Aminolaevulinic acid formation in greening Avena laminae , 1975 .

[11]  G. F. Humphrey,et al.  New spectrophotometric equations for determining chlorophylls a, b, c1 and c2 in higher plants, algae and natural phytoplankton , 1975 .

[12]  L. H. Grimme,et al.  Chlorophyll synthesis and intracellular fluctuations of 5-aminolaevulinate formation during the regreening of nitrogen-deficient Chlorella fusca. , 1974, Archives of biochemistry and biophysics.

[13]  S. Beale,et al.  The Biosynthesis of delta-Aminolevulinic Acid in Higher Plants: I. Accumulation of delta-Aminolevulinic Acid in Greening Plant Tissues. , 1974, Plant physiology.

[14]  F. Richard,et al.  La synthèse de l'acide δ-aminolévulinique et de la chlorophylle lors de l'éclairement d'Euglena gracilis étiolées , 1973 .

[15]  H. A. Schneider.  Light mediated induction of delta-aminolevulinate synthetase and related enzymes and a tentative working model for control of chlorophyll biosynthesis. , 1973, Enzyme.

[16]  V. Nigon,et al.  [Synthesis of delta-aminolevulinic acid and chlorophyll during illumination of etiolated Euglena gracilis]. , 1973, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[17]  S. Beale.  Studies on the Biosynthesis and Metabolism of δ-Aminolevulinic Acid in Chlorella , 1971 .

[18]  S. Granick,et al.  CHAPTER 4 – δ-Aminolevulinic Acid Synthetase and the Control of Heme and Chlorophyll Synthesis*† , 1971 .

[19]  W. H. Elliott,et al.  A sensitive radiochemical assay method for delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase. , 1969, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[20]  D. Shemin,et al.  δ-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides I. ISOLATION AND PROPERTIES , 1968 .

[21]  L. Bogorad.  Control Mechanisms in Plastid Development , 1968 .

[22]  O. Jones.  Biosynthesis of chlorophylls. , 1968, Biochemical Society symposium.

[23]  C. Yentsch,et al.  A method for the determination of phytoplankton chlorophyll and phaeophytin by fluorescence , 1963 .

[24]  R. Guillard,et al.  Studies of marine planktonic diatoms. I. Cyclotella nana Hustedt, and Detonula confervacea (cleve) Gran. , 1962, Canadian journal of microbiology.

[25]  S. Moore,et al.  Automatic recording apparatus for use in the chromatography of amino acids. , 1958, Federation proceedings.

[26]  S. Granick,et al.  THE OCCURRENCE AND DETERMINATION OF δ-AMINOLEVULINIC ACID AND PORPHOBILINOGEN IN URINE , 1956 .

[27]  O. H. Lowry,et al.  Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. , 1951, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[28]  E. Harel,et al.  Accumulation of a-Aminolevulinic Acid and Its Relation to Chlorophyll Synthesis and Development of Plastid Structure in Greening Leaves1 , 2022 .