Application of the theory of planned behavior to adolescents condom use: a panel study.

Adolescents who often engage in unprotected sex with multiple partners are at risk for contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. Findings are reported from a longitudinal study of determinant factors for the use of condoms with new sex partners in a representative sample of 650 Germans aged 14-24 years. The data used in the study were collected as part of a broad panel study of sexual attitudes and behaviors in a representative sample of German youth. The first wave of data was collected between November 1991 and January 1992 while the second wave was conducted and completed one year later. Consistent with Ajzens theory of planned behavior intentions to use condoms could be predicted from attitudes subjective norms and perceived behavioral control with respect to condom use. Actual condom use was strongly related to intentions and perceptions of control assessed in the second wave of data collection. Due to changes in beliefs and attitudes over time only about 10% of the variance in reported condom use was accounted for by intentions and perceived control assessed one year earlier. Reported condom use was found to directly affect future intentions unmediated by their hypothesized antecedents. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

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