An Uneven Clustering Routing Algorithm Based on Energy Load Balancing

In order to improve the network lifetime and energy efficiency, an uneven clustering routing protocol based on energy load balancing (ELBUC) is proposed. In the cluster head selection phase, sensor nodes are selected as candidate cluster heads by turns in ELBUC; in the data transmission phase, it proposes a least energy consumption routing strategy, which comprehensively considers the candidate routing node’s energy and the number of its members, so that the cluster head which has fewer nodes in the cluster become the rely node. Simulation results show that ELBUC protocol not only significantly prolongs the lifetime of the network, but also effectively balance the energy consumption between nodes, and improve the network energy efficiency.