Corporate Board and Corporate Social Responsibility Assurance: Evidence from China

This paper investigates the association between board characteristics and the company’s corporate social responsibility (CSR) assurance decision in China. By examining 2054 firm-years of Chinese listed companies with CSR reports from 2008 to 2012, we find that firms with a large board size, more female directors, and separation of CEO and chairman positions are more likely to engage in CSR assurance. Gender diversity also influences the CSR assurance provider choice. However, board independence and overseas background of the CEO do not affect the CSR assurance decision. Inconsistent with our prediction, firms with foreign directors are less likely to engage in voluntary CSR assurance. In summary, this research provides in-depth insights into the determinants of Chinese firms’ voluntary CSR assurance.

[1]  B. Loasby The External Control of Organizations. A Resource Dependence Perspective , 1979 .

[2]  M. Firth,et al.  Ownership, two-tier board structure, and the informativeness of earnings - Evidence from China , 2007 .

[3]  Solomon E. Asch,et al.  Opinions and Social Pressure , 1955 .

[4]  Steen Thomsen,et al.  On the internationalization of corporate boards: The case of Nordic firms , 2013 .

[5]  C. Saunders,et al.  Board members, corporate social responsiveness and profitability: Are tradeoffs necessary? , 1989 .

[6]  Jill Frances Solomon Corporate governance and accountability. 3rd edition , 2010 .

[7]  E. Fama,et al.  Separation of Ownership and Control , 1983, The Journal of Law and Economics.

[8]  C. Deegan,et al.  An investigation of TBL report assurance statements: UK and European evidence , 2006 .

[9]  Florencio López‐de‐Silanes,et al.  Investor Protection and Corporate Governance , 1999 .

[10]  J. Solomon,et al.  Corporate Governance and Accountability , 2004 .

[11]  Robyn A. Moroney,et al.  Evidence of Assurance Enhancing the Quality of Voluntary Environmental Disclosures: An Empirical Analysis , 2012 .

[12]  M. Beasley An Empirical Analysis of the Relation between Board of Director Composition and Financial Statement Fraud , 1998 .

[13]  P. Perego Causes and Consequences of Choosing Different Assurance Providers: An International Study of Sustainability Reporting , 2009 .

[14]  R. Gray Current Developments and Trends in Social and Environmental Auditing, Reporting and Attestation: A Review and Comment , 2000 .

[15]  A. Salama,et al.  Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure: Evidence from the US Banking Sector , 2013, Journal of Business Ethics.

[16]  C. Oliver STRATEGIC RESPONSES TO INSTITUTIONAL PROCESSES , 1991 .

[17]  J. Xiao,et al.  The Usefulness of the Supervisory Board Report in China , 2003 .

[18]  Dima Jamali,et al.  Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility Synergies and Interrelationships , 2008 .

[19]  Christopher Marquis,et al.  Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting in China: Symbol or Substance? , 2011, Organ. Sci..

[20]  Charles H. Cho,et al.  CSR report assurance in the USA: an empirical investigation of determinants and effects , 2014 .

[21]  Jeffrey R. Cohen,et al.  CSR and Assurance Services: A Research Agenda , 2014 .

[22]  S. Klein,et al.  Corporate Governance, Board Diversity, and Firm Value , 2003 .

[23]  Lars Oxelheim,et al.  The Impact of Foreign Board Membership on Firm Value , 2003 .

[24]  Hayette Gatfaoui,et al.  Are Demographic Attributes and Firm Characteristics Drivers of Gender Diversity? Investigating Women’s Positions on French Boards of Directors , 2013 .

[25]  Feixue Xie,et al.  Do Women Directors Improve Firm Performance in China , 2014 .

[26]  R. Simnett,et al.  The Competitive Market for Assurance Engagements on Greenhouse Gas Statements: Is There a Role for Assurers from the Accounting Profession? , 2011 .

[27]  Anup Agrawal,et al.  Firm Performance and Mechanisms to Control Agency Problems between Managers and , 1996 .

[28]  A. Kolk,et al.  Determinants of the Adoption of Sustainability Assurance Statements: An International Investigation , 2008 .

[29]  A. Kolk,et al.  Sustainable Bonuses: Sign of Corporate Responsibility or Window Dressing? , 2014 .

[30]  Michael Firth,et al.  Ownership structure, corporate governance, and fraud: Evidence from China , 2006 .

[31]  Robert K. Elliott Assurance Service Opportunities : Implications for Academia , 1997 .

[32]  Understanding and Contributing to the Enigma of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Assurance in the United States , 2015 .

[33]  Mason A. Carpenter,et al.  The Strategic Context Of External Network Ties: Examining The Impact Of Director Appointments On Board Involvement In Strategic Decision Making , 2001 .

[34]  Mihail K. Miletkov,et al.  Board Independence and Firm Performance in China , 2014 .

[35]  Donald C. Clarke,et al.  Corporate Governance in China: An Overview , 2003 .

[36]  Toyah L. Miller,et al.  Demographic Diversity in the Boardroom: Mediators of the Board Diversity - Firm Performance Relationship , 2009 .

[37]  J. C. Lane,et al.  Ethics of business students: Some marketing perspectives , 1995 .

[38]  Andrea M. Romi,et al.  The Association between Sustainability Governance Characteristics and the Assurance of Corporate Sustainability Reports , 2013 .

[39]  Alison M. Konrad,et al.  Critical Mass:: The Impact of Three or More Women on Corporate Boards , 2008 .

[40]  John P. Angelidis,et al.  The corporate social responsiveness orientation of board members: Are there differences between inside and outside directors? , 1995 .

[41]  Charles B. Shrader,et al.  Board of Director Diversity and Firm Financial Performance , 2003 .

[42]  Jonathan L. Johnson,et al.  Number of Directors and Financial Performance: A Meta-Analysis , 1999 .

[43]  A. Patel,et al.  The effect of cultural distance on contracting decisions: The case of executive compensation☆ , 2015 .

[44]  Dana R. Hermanson,et al.  Board Characteristics and Audit Fees , 2000 .

[45]  Praveen K. Das The role of corporate governance in foreign investments , 2014 .

[46]  W. Chua,et al.  Assurance on Sustainability Reports: An International Comparison , 2007 .

[47]  M. C. Jensen,et al.  THEORY OF THE FIRM: MANAGERIAL BEHAVIOR, AGENCY COSTS AND OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE , 1976 .

[48]  Elizabeth Carson Industry Specialization by Global Audit Firm Networks , 2009 .

[49]  Ramona L. Paetzold,et al.  The Resource Dependence Role of Corporate Directors: Strategic Adaptation of Board Composition in Response to Environmental Change , 2000 .

[50]  John P. Angelidis,et al.  Managers’ Attitudes Toward Codes of Ethics: Are There Gender Differences? , 2009 .

[51]  Noushi Rahman,et al.  The Impact of Board Diversity and Gender Composition on Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Reputation , 2010 .

[52]  J. Orton Enactment, Sensemaking and Decision Making: Redesign Processes in the 1976 Reorganization of US Intelligence , 2000 .

[53]  Ruth Williams The power of three. , 2011, Nursing Older People.

[54]  Craig A. Peterson,et al.  Women’s Roles on U.S. Fortune 500 Boards: Director Expertise and Committee Memberships , 2007 .

[55]  David A. Griffith,et al.  The effect of cultural distance on entry mode choice, international diversification, and MNE performance: a meta-analysis , 2005 .

[56]  K. Eisenhardt,et al.  Exploring the Black Box: An Analysis of Work Group Diversity, Conflict and Performance , 1999 .

[57]  Mercedes Luque-Vílchez Understanding and Contributing to the Enigma of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Assurance in the United States , 2017 .

[58]  J. Pfeffer Size and Composition of Corporate Boards of Directors: The Organization and its Environment , 1972 .

[59]  I. Laksmana Corporate Board Governance and Voluntary Disclosure of Executive Compensation Practices , 2007 .

[60]  Theodore J. Mock,et al.  An Examination of Worldwide Assured Sustainability Reporting , 2007 .

[61]  C. Lau,et al.  Corporate Social Responsibility in China: A Corporate Governance Approach , 2014, Journal of Business Ethics.

[62]  R. Simnett,et al.  Impact of Assurance and Assurer's Professional Affiliation on Financial Analysts' Assessment of Credibility of Corporate Social Responsibility Information , 2011 .

[63]  Renée B. Adams,et al.  Women in the Boardroom and Their Impact on Governance and Performance , 2008 .

[64]  Gerald F. Davis,et al.  Chapter 2 Resource dependence theory: Past and future , 2010 .

[65]  D. Owen,et al.  Seeking Stakeholder-Centric Sustainability Assurance , 2007 .

[66]  Ronald W. Masulis,et al.  Globalizing the Boardroom - The Effects of Foreign Directors on Corporate Governance and Firm Performance , 2011 .

[67]  Philip Wallage Assurance on Sustainability Reporting: An Auditor's View , 2000 .

[68]  The Association between Sustainability Governance Characteristics and the Assurance of Corporate Sustainability Reports , 2015 .

[69]  H. Jo,et al.  The Causal Effect of Corporate Governance on Corporate Social Responsibility , 2012 .

[70]  A. Millington,et al.  Corporate social disclosures: a user perspective on assurance , 2014 .

[71]  Mandy M. Cheng,et al.  The Impact of Strategic Relevance and Assurance of Sustainability Indicators on Investors’ Decisions , 2014 .

[72]  Deepak K. Datta,et al.  CEO Successor Characteristics and the Choice of Foreign Market Entry Mode: An Empirical Study , 2002 .

[73]  J. Galbreath Corporate governance practices that address climate change: an exploratory study , 2009 .

[74]  Robert J. Williams Women on Corporate Boards of Directors and their Influence on Corporate Philanthropy , 2003 .