Preparation and tribological properties of the N‐containing heterocyclic borate esters and Cu microparticles as lubricant additives in base oil

In this paper, four kinds of N‐containing heterocyclic borate esters and polyvinyl pyrrolidone‐protected Cu microparticles were synthesised and characterised. Their tribological properties as lubricant additives in industrial white oil were evaluated using a four‐ball tribometer, and their lubrication mechanisms were investigated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that the anti‐friction and anti‐wear performance of the base oil can be significantly improved by the addition of N‐containing borate esters and Cu microparticles, and they present synergistic tribological effect. Moreover, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed a lubricating tribochemical reaction film containing B2O3, FeB, FeO, Fe2O3 and so on is formed on the worn surface. In addition, Cu microparticles as rolling bearings, which transform sliding friction to rolling sliding and the formation of the Cu microparticles deposited film, are probably responsible for the improvement of tribological performance. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

[1]  Yufu Xu,et al.  Tribological behavior of Fe3O4/MoS2 nanocomposites additives in aqueous and oil phase media , 2016 .

[2]  Yufu Xu,et al.  Formation of an adsorption film of MoS2 nanoparticles and dioctyl sebacate on a steel surface for alleviating friction and wear , 2015 .

[3]  X. Shao,et al.  Synthesis, characterization and tribological properties of Cu/reduced graphene oxide composites , 2015 .

[4]  H. Masjuki,et al.  Improving the AW/EP ability of chemically modified palm oil by adding CuO and MoS2 nanoparticles , 2015 .

[5]  Yanqiu Xia,et al.  Leaf-surface wax of desert plants as a potential lubricant additive , 2015, Friction.

[6]  D. Anselmetti,et al.  An Oil-Based Lubrication System Based on Nanoparticular TiO2 with Superior Friction and Wear Properties , 2015, Tribology Letters.

[7]  Jingyi Chen,et al.  The Influence of Cu Nanoparticles on the Tribological Properties of Polydopamine/PTFE + Cu Films , 2015, Tribology Letters.

[8]  M. Hartelt,et al.  Analysis of Nanoscale Wear Particles from Lubricated Steel–Steel Contacts , 2015, Tribology letter.

[9]  Xiao-wei Wei,et al.  Tribological properties of Al2O3 nanoparticles as lubricating oil additives , 2014 .

[10]  Xiangqiong Zeng,et al.  Hydrolytic stability and tribological properties of N-containing heterocyclic borate esters as lubricant additives in rapeseed oil , 2014 .

[11]  Laigui Yu,et al.  Preparation and Tribological Properties of Surface-Capped Copper Nanoparticle as a Water-Based Lubricant Additive , 2014, Tribology Letters.

[12]  N. Dörr,et al.  Lubrication Mechanism of Phosphonium Phosphate Ionic Liquid Additive in Alkylborane–Imidazole Complexes , 2014, Tribology Letters.

[13]  Mitjan Kalin,et al.  Nanoparticles as novel lubricating additives in a green, physically based lubrication technology for DLC coatings , 2013 .

[14]  Laigui Yu,et al.  Preparation of triazine derivatives and evaluation of their tribological properties as lubricant additives in poly-alpha olefin , 2013 .

[15]  Changgu Lee,et al.  Evaluation of hexagonal boron nitride nano-sheets as a lubricant additive in water , 2013 .

[16]  R. Kreivaitis,et al.  Tribological properties of lubricant additives of Fe, Cu and Co nanoparticles , 2013 .

[17]  R. Rastogi,et al.  Low sulfur, phosphorus and metal free antiwear additives: Synergistic action of salicylaldehyde N(4)-phenylthiosemicarbazones and its different derivatives with Vanlube 289 additive , 2013 .

[18]  W. Yue,et al.  Comparing tribological behaviors of sulfur- and phosphorus-free organomolybdenum additive with ZDDP and MoDTC , 2012 .

[19]  Z. Bai,et al.  Tribological properties of serpentine, La(OH)3 and their composite particles as lubricant additives , 2012 .

[20]  W. Tysoe,et al.  Relating Molecular Structure to Tribological Chemistry: Borate Esters on Copper , 2012, Tribology Letters.

[21]  T. Ren,et al.  The Tribological Chemistry of Novel Triazine Derivatives as Additives in Synthetic Diester , 2011 .

[22]  Jing Li,et al.  The tribological chemistry of the triazine derivative additives in rape seed oil and synthetic diester , 2011 .

[23]  T. Mogne,et al.  Experimental Simulation of Tribochemical Reactions Between Borates Esters and Steel Surface , 2011 .

[24]  Faiz Ullah Shah,et al.  Novel Alkylborate–Dithiocarbamate Lubricant Additives: Synthesis and Tribophysical Characterization , 2011, Tribology Letters.

[25]  Tianhui Ren,et al.  Tribological studies on a novel borate ester containing benzothiazol-2-yl and disulfide groups as multifunctional additive , 2010 .

[26]  Lai Gui Yu,et al.  Effect of Nano-Cu Lubrication Additive on the Contact Fatigue Behavior of Steel , 2010 .

[27]  X. Shao,et al.  Friction and wear behavior of diamond-like carbon coating on plasma nitrided mild steel under boundary lubrication , 2010 .

[28]  Q. Xue,et al.  Tribological properties and action mechanism of N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate-derived S-hydroxyethyl borate esters as additives in rapeseed oil , 2009 .

[29]  Hua Wu,et al.  Tribological performances of heterocyclic‐containing ether and/or thioether as additives in the synthetic diester , 2009 .

[30]  Young-Min Choi,et al.  Tribological behavior of copper nanoparticles as additives in oil , 2009 .

[31]  Wenxiu Fan,et al.  Tribological study of novel S–N style 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thione derivatives in rapeseed oil , 2009 .

[32]  Yuh-Yih Wu,et al.  Experimental analysis of tribological properties of lubricating oils with nanoparticle additives , 2007 .

[33]  I. Piwoński,et al.  Friction properties of triazine-containing hybrid composites , 2006 .

[34]  C. Boshui,et al.  The synthesis and tribological behaviour of boron-nitrogen-modified fatty acid water-based lubricant additives , 2004 .

[35]  H. So,et al.  Limitations on use of ZDDP as an antiwear additive in boundary lubrication , 2004 .

[36]  Xianguo Hu,et al.  Tribochemical effect of impurities in zinc dialkyldithiophosphate in engine oil , 2003 .

[37]  Q. Wang,et al.  Borate esters used as lubricant additives , 2002 .

[38]  Q. Xue,et al.  The Tribochemical Study of Some N-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds as Lubricating Oil Additives , 2002 .

[39]  P. P. Pande,et al.  Lubrication potential of boron compounds: An overview , 2002 .