Diesel engines are widely used as the driving power for both in-lands as well as marine transportation vehicles. It is because of Di esel engines has rigid structure, low breakdown rate, high thermal efficiency and high fu el economy. Because of these advantages of diesel engines, it is expected that d iesel engines will be widely used in the upcoming future. However, nitrogen oxide and particulate matter these are the pollutants, which are emitted from diesel, and they are harmful to the health of living beings and environment. Therefore, diesel has been recognized as the major air pollution source in metropolitan areas. Because of this problem occurs by using diesel as engine fuel thus attracted much research interest. In the recent sev eral years, the technology of application of emulsion fuels to many boilers, furnaces and diesel engines has attracted much attention from the point of view of the energy saving and of the prevention of atmospheric pollution. It is, mainly due to the recent high cost of crude oil. Emulsion fuel is a blend of existing fuel oil (heavy oil, light oil, kerosene etc) mixed with about 10-30% water. It is a new type of fuel used in internal combustion chambers such as e ngines; boilers etc and can reduce fuel consumption and emissions like NOx, PM and smoke by improving fuel efficiency. Many studies on emulsion fuels reveal that they have var ious benefits, including improvement in combustion efficiency and a reduction in particulat e matter (PM) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. This review article provides information of emulsion, emulsion types, stability problems and emulsion fuel mechanism.
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