Effects of supplementary desalted mother liquor as replacement of commercial salt in diet for Thai native cattle on digestibility, energy and nitrogen balance, and rumen conditions.

Four Thai native cattle were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design experiment to evaluate the availability of desalted mother liquor (DML) as replacement of salt in concentrate. Each cattle was assigned to one of the following concentrate feeding treatments: C1, 1% NaCl was added as salt; C2, 2% NaCl was added as salt; D1, 1% NaCl was replaced by DML; D2, 2% NaCl was replaced by DML, on a dry matter (DM) basis. The animals were fed rice straw and experimental concentrates (40:60) at 1.9% of body weight on a DM basis, daily. Acid detergent fiber expressed exclusive of residual ash (ADFom) digestibility in DML treatment was higher than salt treatment (p < .05) and D2 feeding showed the highest value (60.8%). There were no significant differences in blood metabolites, nitrogen retention, ruminal ammonia nitrogen, methane emission or energy efficiency among treatments. Molar percent of acetate on volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid 4 hr post-feeding tended to be higher in DML treatment than salt treatment (p = .08). The results indicated that adding DML could improve ADFom digestibility and salt could be replaced by DML up to 2% as NaCl in concentrate without adverse effects on nitrogen balance, rumen conditions, blood metabolites and methane emission.

[1]  H. Kumagai,et al.  Studies on supplementary desalted mother liquor on digestibility of nutrients, ruminal fermentation, and energy and nitrogen balance in Thai native cattle. , 2017, Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho.

[2]  B. Shanks,et al.  Cellulose–Hemicellulose and Cellulose–Lignin Interactions during Fast Pyrolysis , 2015 .

[3]  M. Otsuka,et al.  The effect of dietary coconut kernels, whole cottonseeds and sunflower seeds on the intake, digestibility and enteric methane emissions of Zebu beef cattle fed rice straw based diets , 2014 .

[4]  D. Villalba,et al.  High Salt Inclusion Reduces Concentrate Intake Without Major Effects on Renal Function in Young Bulls , 2014 .

[5]  Hao Wang,et al.  Chemical treatments on plant-based natural fibre reinforced polymer composites: An overview , 2012 .

[6]  M. Chadwick,et al.  Salt intake and reproductive function in sheep. , 2011, Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience.

[7]  H. Kumagai,et al.  Effects of supplementary nucleic acids on in vitro ruminal fermentation of roughage and concentrate as substrate , 2010 .

[8]  H. Kumagai,et al.  Effects of supplementary inosine on nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation and nitrogen balance in goats fed high amount of concentrate , 2009 .

[9]  K. Sommart,et al.  In Vivo Nutritive Value of Pangola Grass (Digitaria eriantha) Hay by a Novel Indirect Calorimeter with a Ventilated Hood in Thailand , 2008 .

[10]  L. Tabil,et al.  Chemical Treatments of Natural Fiber for Use in Natural Fiber-Reinforced Composites: A Review , 2007 .

[11]  J. Takahashi,et al.  Methane Production and Energy Partition in Sheep Fed Timothy Silage-or Hay-based Diets , 2007 .

[12]  P. V. Soest,et al.  Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. , 1991, Journal of dairy science.

[13]  R. Leng,et al.  Matching ruminant production systems with available resources in the tropics and sub-tropics. , 1987 .

[14]  R. Harvey,et al.  HIGH LEVELS OF SODIUM CHLORIDE IN BEEF CATTLE DIETS , 1982 .

[15]  R. Kellaway,et al.  Effects of sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate in the diet on the performance of calves , 1980 .

[16]  J. H. Clark,et al.  Alteration of Rumen Fermentation in Steers by Increasing Rumen Fluid Dilution Rate with Mineral Salts , 1979 .

[17]  L. Satter,et al.  Effect of Ruminal Ammonia Concentration on Nitrogen Utilization by Steers , 1979 .

[18]  L. Satter,et al.  Effect of ammonia concentration on rumen microbial protein production in vitro , 1974, British Journal of Nutrition.

[19]  C. Chicco,et al.  Self-feeding salt-supplement to grazing steers under tropical conditions. , 1971, Journal of animal science.

[20]  B. P. Cardon.  Influence of a high salt intake on cellulose digestion. , 1953 .