The Meaning of Gene Positioning

There is no doubt that genomes are organized nonrandomly in the nucleus of higher eukaryotes. But what is the functional relevance of this nonrandomness? In this Essay, we explore the biological meaning of spatial gene positioning by examining the functional link between the activity of a gene and its radial position in the nucleus.

[1]  E. Bertolino,et al.  Transcriptional repression mediated by repositioning of genes to the nuclear lamina , 2008, Nature.

[2]  Roy Riblet,et al.  Subnuclear Compartmentalization of Immunoglobulin Loci During Lymphocyte Development , 2002, Science.

[3]  P. Fraser,et al.  Nuclear organization of the genome and the potential for gene regulation , 2007, Nature.

[4]  L. Wessels,et al.  Domain organization of human chromosomes revealed by mapping of nuclear lamina interactions , 2008, Nature.

[5]  Angus I. Lamond,et al.  Spatial Organization of Large-Scale Chromatin Domains in the Nucleus: A Magnified View of Single Chromosome Territories , 1997, The Journal of cell biology.

[6]  Mark Groudine,et al.  A Functional Enhancer Suppresses Silencing of a Transgene and Prevents Its Localization Close to Centromeric Heterochromatin , 1999, Cell.

[7]  P. Silver,et al.  Global histone acetylation induces functional genomic reorganization at mammalian nuclear pore complexes. , 2008, Genes & development.

[8]  D. Thanos,et al.  Virus Infection Induces NF-κB-Dependent Interchromosomal Associations Mediating Monoallelic IFN-β Gene Expression , 2008, Cell.

[9]  W. Bickmore,et al.  Chromatin decondensation and nuclear reorganization of the HoxB locus upon induction of transcription. , 2004, Genes & development.

[10]  S. Gasser,et al.  The nuclear envelope and transcriptional control , 2007, Nature Reviews Genetics.

[11]  Prabhakar R. Gudla,et al.  Allele-specific nuclear positioning of the monoallelically expressed astrocyte marker GFAP. , 2008, Genes & development.

[12]  M. Fornerod,et al.  Characterization of the Drosophila melanogaster genome at the nuclear lamina , 2006, Nature Genetics.

[13]  D. Scalzo,et al.  Coordinate Gene Regulation during Hematopoiesis Is Related to Genomic Organization , 2007, PLoS biology.

[14]  Joseph Rosenecker,et al.  Transcription-dependent spatial arrangements of CFTR and adjacent genes in human cell nuclei , 2004, The Journal of cell biology.

[15]  Thomas Cremer,et al.  Rise, fall and resurrection of chromosome territories: a historical perspective. Part I. The rise of chromosome territories. , 2006, European journal of histochemistry : EJH.

[16]  J. Lawrence,et al.  Gene associations: true romance or chance meeting in a nuclear neighborhood? , 2008, The Journal of cell biology.

[17]  R. Rosenfeld.  Nature , 2009, Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.

[18]  Tom Misteli,et al.  Spatial Positioning A New Dimension in Genome Function , 2004, Cell.

[19]  T. Misteli.  Beyond the Sequence: Cellular Organization of Genome Function , 2011 .

[20]  Peter Teague,et al.  Differences in the Localization and Morphology of Chromosomes in the Human Nucleus , 1999, The Journal of cell biology.

[21]  Veronica J. Buckle,et al.  Coregulated human globin genes are frequently in spatial proximity when active , 2006, The Journal of cell biology.

[22]  D. Gilbert.  Nuclear Position Leaves Its Mark on Replication Timing , 2001, The Journal of cell biology.

[23]  G. G. Stokes.  "J." , 1890, The New Yale Book of Quotations.

[24]  J W Sedat,et al.  Spatial organization of chromosomes in the salivary gland nuclei of Drosophila melanogaster , 1986, The Journal of cell biology.

[25]  P. Silver,et al.  Transcriptional regulation at the nuclear pore complex. , 2007, Current opinion in genetics & development.

[26]  A. Fisher,et al.  Nuclear repositioning marks the selective exclusion of lineage‐inappropriate transcription factor loci during T helper cell differentiation , 2004, European journal of immunology.

[27]  Malgorzata Schelder,et al.  Nuclear pore components are involved in the transcriptional regulation of dosage compensation in Drosophila. , 2006, Molecular cell.

[28]  T. Misteli,et al.  Neural induction promotes large-scale chromatin reorganisation of the Mash1 locus , 2006, Journal of Cell Science.

[29]  Elizabeth Kerr,et al.  Recruitment to the Nuclear Periphery Can Alter Expression of Genes in Human Cells , 2008, PLoS genetics.

[30]  Tom Misteli,et al.  Locus-specific and activity-independent gene repositioning during early tumorigenesis , 2008, The Journal of cell biology.

[31]  T. Cremer,et al.  Dynamic genome architecture in the nuclear space: regulation of gene expression in three dimensions , 2007, Nature Reviews Genetics.

[32]  A. Gregory Matera,et al.  Actin-dependent intranuclear repositioning of an active gene locus in vivo , 2007, The Journal of cell biology.

[33]  F. Iborra,et al.  Association between active genes occurs at nuclear speckles and is modulated by chromatin environment , 2008, The Journal of cell biology.

[34]  M. Groudine,et al.  The locus control region is required for association of the murine beta-globin locus with engaged transcription factories during erythroid maturation. , 2006, Genes & development.

[35]  R. Schneider,et al.  Dynamics and interplay of nuclear architecture, genome organization, and gene expression. , 2007, Genes & development.

[36]  D. Spector,et al.  A genetic locus targeted to the nuclear periphery in living cells maintains its transcriptional competence , 2008, The Journal of cell biology.

[37]  B. van Steensel,et al.  Fluorescent labeling of nascent RNA reveals transcription by RNA polymerase II in domains scattered throughout the nucleus , 1993, The Journal of cell biology.

[38]  Roland Eils,et al.  Local gene density predicts the spatial position of genetic loci in the interphase nucleus. , 2005, Experimental cell research.

[39]  Jennifer A. Erwin,et al.  New twists in X-chromosome inactivation. , 2008, Current opinion in cell biology.

[40]  Anne E Carpenter,et al.  Long-Range Directional Movement of an Interphase Chromosome Site , 2006, Current Biology.