An Introduction to Q Methodology, a Research Technique

In an attempt to develop the range of research methodologies within the occupational therapy profession, it is necessary to consider methods that may be appropriate to use in studies. Q methodology has been used in the United States, and to a lesser extent in the United Kingdom, by a broad range of researchers, including psychologists, social scientists, educationalists, political scientists and other health care professionals. It is basically a quantitative method for analysing qualitative data, based on viewpoints. The process involves developing a Q sort pack (a number of items representing the range of ideas on a topic), administering the sort (asking participants to rank the ideas with reference to their own views), analysing the data (looking for patterns in the way that individuals respond) and interpreting the results. This approach has a number of potential uses in occupational therapy. It is recommended that this method is given consideration as a research tool when attempting to identify the perceptions of clients, colleagues, students or others on any service or educational issue.