Photovoltaics at the Tipping Point: Taking Us From the Evolutionary to the Revolutionary

We examine the current situation and future technology opportunities for solar photovoltaics (PV), emphasizing the importance of both policy and technology investments for the future markets and competitiveness of this solar approach. We review some examples of policy significantly impacting world markets and discuss the targets of the new U.S. Solar America Initiative. On the technology side, we present insights to technical and other investments needed to tip PV to its next level of contribution as a significant clean-energy partner in the world energy portfolio. The need to venture into disruptive and revolutionary technology pathways is argued for our needs in the mid term (the next 10–15 years) and the long term (beyond the first quarter of this century).