Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with Static Clustering and Dynamic Structure

Due to limited energy of sensor nodes in a wireless sensor network, an energy-efficient routing protocol with static clustering and dynamic structure (ERP-SCDS) is proposed in this paper. Utilizing virtual points in a corona-based wireless sensor network, static clusters with dynamic structures are formed in ERP-SCDS. Moreover, next-round cluster heads are selected in advance to avoid a deadlock when the old cluster heads die. Finally, a simple relay node selection mechanism instead of a complicated multi-hop route discovery algorithm is further designed for ERP-SCDS. Integrating these mechanisms enables ERP-SCDS to form balanced cluster sizes to prolong the network lifetime. Via simulations, we demonstrate that ERP-SCDS significantly outperforms LEACH, HEED, and Hausdorff previously proposed in the literature.

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