Smaller capillaries improve the small-angle X-ray scattering signal and sample consumption for biomacromolecular solutions

Sample exposure cells of small-angle X-ray scattering instruments often utilize cylindrical capillaries where the diameter, or path length, is typically selected to balance between scattering and absorption. Here it is demonstrated that, for radiation-sensitive solution samples, using capillaries with a diameter smaller than the optimal path length in combination with continuous sample flow improves the quality of the scattering signal for a given quantity of material.

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