Train–bridge interaction – a review and discussion of key model parameters

Research in the field of train–bridge interaction is reviewed, with a particular focus on the vertical dynamic response of the bridge. The most influential system parameters are identified and discussed, providing a basis from which to establish an appropriate degree of complexity in train and track modelling. A two-level factorial experiment is presented. This is used to highlight the relative influence of train–bridge interaction in the train–bridge model, compared with variations in other key parameters. We distinguish those parameter combinations in the train–bridge system that lead to a significant reduction in bridge response due to the train–bridge interaction. The present survey fills an important gap in our existing knowledge by synthesising conclusions from the vast literature on train–bridge interaction. Moreover, the knowledge is related to the European design code’s guidelines for dynamic bridge analysis. The conclusions are summarised to give a rough guidance on modelling choices for train–bridge interaction systems.