Human microdosing for the prediction of patient response.

Microdosing allows study of the behavior of drugs via the administration of doses so low they are unlikely to produce whole-body effects, but of sufficient concentration to allow the determination of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME). Microdosing was recently reviewed elsewhere [1,2]; although most effort to date has focused on pharmacokinetic (PK) predictions to accelerate drug development, microdosing was born out of molecular toxicology research [3-10] and is now extending to medical diagnostics applications. Here, we provide a brief overview of microdosing for drug development, followed by a description of recent efforts to implement prognostic and predictive diagnostics aimed at improving detection and treatment of human disease.

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