Power-Based Phase-Locked Loops for Single-Phase Applications—A Survey

In the distributed power generation systems (DPGSs), ensuring the synchronization with the utility grid is crucial for the stable operation of grid-connected systems. Among various synchronization techniques, the power-based phase-locked loop (pPLL) has gained much attention due to its relatively simple implementation of the phase detector, extraordinary harmonic filtering capacity and robustness even under large grid variations. However, this kind of PLL suffers from an inherent problem called "double-frequency oscillation". The aim of the study is to review and compare the existing pPLLs. According to the difference in coping with this drawback, pPLL can be divided into two categories: cancellation with in-loop filter (CIF) and cancellation with opposite component (COC). Working principles and main characteristics of different pPLLs are then discussed. At last, some simulations and discussions are provided.

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