An integral design for desalination plant using the secondary refrigerant freeze process

Abstract A review of an earlier SRF design revealed the need for reappraisal, and has led to the identification of an integral design in which the four main process stages of the primary cycle are contained within separate compartments of a single vessel capable of producing up to 2 1 2 mgd (11,250 m3/day). A commercial design using two integral vessels has been formulated and costed. Its capital cost is around 20% below the up-dated costs of the previous design and it shows the prospect of producing water at a level below those of competing systems.