An integral charge control model of bipolar transistors

We present in this paper a compact model of bipolar transistors, suitable for network analysis computer programs. Through the use of a new charge control relation linking junction voltages, collector current, and base charge, the model includes high injection effects. The performance substantially exceeds that of existing models of comparable complexity. For low bias and with some additional idealization, the model reduces to the conventional Ebers-Moll model.

[1]  H. C. Poon,et al.  Modeling of emitter capacitance , 1969 .

[2]  J. L. Wirth,et al.  The Analysis of Radiation Effects in Semiconductor Junction Devices , 1967 .

[3]  C. T. Kirk,et al.  A theory of transistor cutoff frequency (fT) falloff at high current densities , 1962, IRE Transactions on Electron Devices.

[4]  J. Iwersen,et al.  Low-current alpha in silicon transistors , 1962, IRE Transactions on Electron Devices.

[5]  J. Ebers,et al.  Large-Signal Behavior of Junction Transistors , 1954, Proceedings of the IRE.

[6]  H. Gummel.  On the definition of the cutoff frequency f T , 1969 .

[7]  T. Ohtsuki,et al.  Unified modeling scheme for semiconductor devices with applications of state-variable analysis , 1970 .

[8]  H. C. Poon,et al.  High injection in epitaxial transistors , 1969 .

[9]  F. A. Lindholm,et al.  Comparison of large signal models for junction transistors , 1964 .

[10]  C. Sah,et al.  Carrier Generation and Recombination in P-N Junctions and P-N Junction Characteristics , 1957, Proceedings of the IRE.

[11]  I. M. Ross,et al.  The Dependence of Transistor Parameters on the Distribution of Base Layer Resistivity , 1956, Proceedings of the IRE.

[12]  H. K. Gummel.  A charge control relation for bipolar transistors , 1970, Bell Syst. Tech. J..

[13]  R. H. Dickhaut.  CIRCUS, a digital computer program for transient analysis of electronic circuits , 1967 .

[14]  H. Gummel,et al.  Large-signal analysis of a silicon Read diode oscillator , 1969 .

[15]  J. Early.  Effects of Space-Charge Layer Widening in Junction Transistors , 1952, Proceedings of the IRE.

[16]  H. Gummel.  A self-consistent iterative scheme for one-dimensional steady state transistor calculations , 1964 .

[17]  W. M. Webster.  On the Variation of Junction-Transistor Current-Amplification Factor with Emitter Current , 1954, Proceedings of the IRE.

[18]  Dankwart Koehler.  The charge-control concept in the form of equivalent circuits, representing a link between the classic large signal diode and transistor models , 1967 .

[19]  J. Linvill.  Lumped Models of Transistors and Diodes , 1958, Proceedings of the IRE.

[20]  B. Murphy.  Diode and transistor self-analogues for circuit analysis , 1968 .