THREE‐DIMENSIONAL DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF LINED TUNNELS DUE TO INCIDENT SEISMIC WAVES

Formulae are developed to determine the three-dimensional response of twin lined tunnels buried in an infinite medium subjected to seismic loadings using the method of successive reflection. The convergence of the method has been demonstrated both analytically and numerically. The dynamic interaction of the twin tunnels subjected to seismic waves is investigated numerically. It is found that the three-dimensional response of twin tunnels may differ significantly from the two-dimensional response, and that through-soil interaction between the tunnels may also be significant.