Fundamental research in heaping, mixing, and segregation of granular materials: Challenges and perspectives

Granular materials are in vogue; the situation is radically different than that of a decade ago. In fact, it can be argued that many of the necessary building blocks for understanding of industrial systems are already here. However, there is still a mismatch between basic research and needs. This is not likely to be bridged: Basic research is divergent and long-term, whereas technological needs are convergent and tied to deadlines. It is however apparent that theoretical understanding is now considerably deeper, that involved simulations are now possible, and that new experimental techniques are opening new horizons. The assembly of all these methodologies, in due time, should open the mixing arts to serious engineering analysis and predictability.

[1]  P. Umbanhowar,et al.  Localized excitations in a vertically vibrated granular layer , 1996, Nature.

[2]  Tang,et al.  Self-Organized Criticality: An Explanation of 1/f Noise , 2011 .

[3]  Shlomo Havlin,et al.  Spontaneous stratification in granular mixtures , 1997, Nature.

[4]  David Parker,et al.  Motion in a particle bed agitated by a single blade , 2000 .

[5]  S. Savage,et al.  The motion of a finite mass of granular material down a rough incline , 1989, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[6]  Douglas J. Durian,et al.  Diffusing-Wave Spectroscopy of Dynamics in a Three-Dimensional Granular Flow , 1997, Science.

[7]  Adrian Daerr,et al.  On granular surface flow equations , 1999 .

[8]  R. Behringer.  Sands, Powders, and Grains: An Introduction to the Physics of Granular Materials , 1999 .

[9]  Karl Schügerl,et al.  Longitudinal mixing in horizontal rotary drum reactors , 1978 .

[10]  H. Herrmann,et al.  Physics of dry granular media , 1998 .

[11]  P. Gennes,et al.  Surface flows of granular mixtures : I. General principles and minimal model , 1996 .

[12]  R. Behringer,et al.  Fluctuations in granular media. , 1999, Chaos.

[13]  J. M. Ottino,et al.  Mixing and segregation of granular materials in chute flows. , 1999, Chaos.

[14]  S. Edwards,et al.  A model for the dynamics of sandpile surfaces , 1994 .

[15]  Harnby.  An engineering view of pharmaceutical powder mixing. , 2000, Pharmaceutical science & technology today.

[16]  Julio M. Ottino,et al.  Radial segregation of granular mixtures in rotating cylinders , 1997 .

[17]  Philip Ball,et al.  The Self-Made Tapestry: Pattern Formation in Nature , 1999 .

[18]  Paul W. Cleary,et al.  How well do discrete element granular flow models capture the essentials of mixing processes , 1998 .

[19]  Suresh K. Bhatia,et al.  Axial transport of granular solids in rotating cylinders. Part 2: Experiments in a non-flow system , 1991 .

[20]  J. Duran,et al.  Sands, Powders, and Grains , 2000 .

[21]  Julio M. Ottino,et al.  Mixing and Segregation of Granular Materials , 2000 .

[22]  J M Ottino,et al.  Segregation-driven organization in chaotic granular flows. , 1999, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[23]  M. Nakagawa,et al.  Non-invasive measurements of granular flows by magnetic resonance imaging , 1993 .

[24]  Liu,et al.  Force Distributions near Jamming and Glass Transitions. , 2001, Physical review letters.

[25]  L. Fan,et al.  Recent developments in solids mixing , 1990 .

[26]  H. Jaeger,et al.  Granular solids, liquids, and gases , 1996 .

[27]  D. Jeffrey,et al.  Kinetic theories for granular flow: inelastic particles in Couette flow and slightly inelastic particles in a general flowfield , 1984, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[28]  P. Coussot,et al.  Rheophysical classification of concentrated suspensions and granular pastes , 1999 .

[29]  Richard M. Lueptow,et al.  An experimental study of the flowing granular layer in a rotating tumbler , 2002 .

[30]  F. Mancini,et al.  Kinetic theory for binary mixtures of smooth, nearly elastic spheres , 1989 .

[31]  Julio M. Ottino,et al.  Surface flow of granular materials: model and experiments in heap formation , 2001, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[32]  P. G. de Gennes,et al.  Granular Matter: A Tentative View , 1999 .

[33]  Goldenfeld,et al.  Simple lessons from complexity , 1999, Science.

[34]  T. Shinbrot,et al.  Nonequilibrium Patterns in Granular Mixing and Segregation , 2000 .

[35]  P. Cundall,et al.  A discrete numerical model for granular assemblies , 1979 .