Effect of Time on a Hierarchical Corn Skeleton-Like Composite of CoO@ZnO as Capacitive Electrode Material for High Specific Performance Supercapacitors

CoO-ZnO-based composites have attracted considerable attention for the development of energy storage devices because of their multifunctional characterization and ease of integration with existing components. This paper reports the synthesis of CoO@ZnO (CZ) nanostructures on Ni foam by the CBD method for facile and eco-friendly supercapacitor applications. The formation of a CoO@ZnO electrode functioned with cobalt, zinc, nickel and oxygen groups was confirmed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, low and high-resolution of scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The assynthesized hierarchical nanocorn skeleton-like structure of CoO@ZnO-3h (CZ3h) electrode delivered a higher specific capacitance of 1136 F/g at a current density of 3 A/g with outstanding cycling stability, showing 98.3% capacitance retention over 3000 cycles in an aqueous 2 M KOH electrolyte solution. This retention was significantly better than that of other prepared electrodes, such as CoO (CO), ZnO (ZO), CoO@ZnO-1h (CZ1h), and CoO@ZnO-7h (CZ7h) (274, 383, 240 and 537 F/g, respectively). This superior capacitance was attributed to the ideal surface morphology of CZ3h, which is responsible for the rapid electron/ion transfer between the electrolyte and electrode surface area. The enhanced features of the CZ3h electrode highlight potential applications in high performance supercapacitors, solar cells, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis.

[1]  Q. Hao,et al.  Solvothermal synthesis and electrochemical performance in super-capacitors of Co3O4/C flower-like nanostructures , 2014 .

[2]  Preparation and electrochemical performances of nanoporous/cracked cobalt oxide layer for supercapacitors , 2014 .

[3]  Z. Ma,et al.  A freestanding cellulose nanofibril–reduced graphene oxide–molybdenum oxynitride aerogel film electrode for all-solid-state supercapacitors with ultrahigh energy density , 2017 .

[4]  Q. Lu,et al.  One-step synthesis of surface-enriched nickel cobalt sulfide nanoparticles on graphene for high-performance supercapacitors , 2017 .

[5]  Jiao Xu,et al.  Co3O4/ZnO nanoheterostructure derived from core–shell ZIF-8@ZIF-67 for supercapacitors , 2016 .

[6]  F. Kang,et al.  Hierarchical nickel nanowire@NiCo2S4 nanowhisker composite arrays with a test-tube-brush-like structure for high-performance supercapacitors , 2018 .

[7]  Jun Yang,et al.  Selective synthesis of hierarchical mesoporous spinel NiCo₂O₄ for high-performance supercapacitors. , 2014, Nanoscale.

[8]  Jie Han,et al.  Template-free synthesis of Ni7S6 hollow spheres with mesoporous shells for high performance supercapacitors , 2015 .

[9]  Lina Ma,et al.  Large Areal Mass and High Scalable and Flexible Cobalt Oxide/Graphene/Bacterial Cellulose Electrode for Supercapacitors , 2016 .

[10]  Yongsong Luo,et al.  Hierarchical Core/Shell NiCo2O4@NiCo2O4 Nanocactus Arrays with Dual-functionalities for High Performance Supercapacitors and Li-ion Batteries , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[11]  Wei Li,et al.  Template synthesis of C@NiCo2O4 hollow microsphere as electrode material for supercapacitor , 2018, Journal of Alloys and Compounds.

[12]  S. G. Kandalkar,et al.  Preparation of cobalt oxide thin films and its use in supercapacitor application , 2008 .

[13]  Juan Xu,et al.  Preparation and electrochemical capacitance of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanotubes as supercapacitor material , 2010 .

[14]  Juan Li,et al.  Preparation and properties of Co3O4 nanorods as supercapacitor material , 2009 .

[15]  Xin Wang,et al.  Graphene-based cobalt sulfide composite hydrogel with enhanced electrochemical properties for supercapacitors , 2016 .

[16]  Joonho Bae,et al.  Facile synthesis of ZnO-Au nanocomposites for high-performance supercapacitors , 2018, Journal of Alloys and Compounds.

[17]  Jian Jiang,et al.  Facile Synthesis of Novel Networked Ultralong Cobalt Sulfide Nanotubes and Its Application in Supercapacitors. , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[18]  Q. Wang,et al.  Towards three-dimensional hierarchical ZnO nanofiber@Ni(OH)2 nanoflake core–shell heterostructures for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors , 2015 .

[19]  Xuebin Wang,et al.  Hydrothermal synthesis and structure evolution of hierarchical cobalt sulfide nanostructures. , 2011, Dalton transactions.

[20]  Yong-Qing Zhao,et al.  Electrochemical characterization on cobalt sulfide for electrochemical supercapacitors , 2007 .

[21]  Jing Bai,et al.  ZnO/CoO and ZnCo2O4 Hierarchical Bipyramid Nanoframes: Morphology Control, Formation Mechanism, and Their Lithium Storage Properties. , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[22]  Minho Yang,et al.  Preparation of Three-Dimensional Co3O4/graphene Composite for High-Performance Supercapacitors , 2017 .

[23]  K. Prabakar,et al.  Influence of solvents in the preparation of cobalt sulfide for supercapacitors , 2017, Royal Society Open Science.

[24]  Ke-Jing Huang,et al.  One-step hydrothermal synthesis of two-dimensional cobalt sulfide for high-performance supercapacitors , 2014 .

[25]  Mira Park,et al.  Carbon nanofibers wrapped with zinc oxide nano-flakes as promising electrode material for supercapacitors. , 2018, Journal of colloid and interface science.

[26]  Zhonghua Hu,et al.  Design and synthesis of hierarchical NiCo2S4@NiMoO4 core/shell nanospheres for high-performance supercapacitors , 2015 .

[27]  Jiaoyang Li,et al.  Ultrathin Mesoporous NiCo2O4 Nanosheets Supported on Ni Foam as Advanced Electrodes for Supercapacitors , 2012 .

[28]  Xifan Mei,et al.  Preparation of Nickel Cobalt Sulfide Hollow Nanocolloids with Enhanced Electrochemical Property for Supercapacitors Application , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[29]  J. Shin,et al.  Core-shell structure of Co 3 O 4 @CdS for high performance electrochemical supercapacitor , 2018 .

[30]  M. Sundrarajan,et al.  Electrolyte-imprinted graphene oxide–chitosan chelate with copper crosslinked composite electrodes for intense cyclic-stable, flexible supercapacitors , 2017 .

[31]  Anil Kumar Yedluri,et al.  Wearable super-high specific performance supercapacitors using a honeycomb with folded silk-like composite of NiCo2O4 nanoplates decorated with NiMoO4 honeycombs on nickel foam. , 2018, Dalton transactions.

[32]  Long Hao,et al.  A self-template synthesis of porous ZnCo2O4 microspheres for high-performance quasi-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors , 2017 .

[33]  Il-Kwon Oh,et al.  Graphene-wrapped and cobalt oxide-intercalated hybrid for extremely durable super-capacitor with ultrahigh energy and power densities , 2014 .

[34]  Taihong Wang,et al.  Ultrathin porous NiCo2O4 nanosheet arrays on flexible carbon fabric for high-performance supercapacitors. , 2013, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[35]  Jayan Thomas,et al.  Supercapacitor electrode materials: nanostructures from 0 to 3 dimensions , 2015 .

[36]  Jingxia Qiu,et al.  Morphology controlled preparation of ZnCo2O4 nanostructures for asymmetric supercapacitor with ultrahigh energy density , 2017 .

[37]  Jeng-Yu Lin,et al.  Cathodic deposition of interlaced nanosheet-like cobalt sulfide films for high-performance supercapacitors , 2013 .

[38]  Yongchang Liu,et al.  Facile synthesis of hierarchical porous ZnCo2O4 microspheres for high-performance supercapacitors , 2015 .

[39]  Xuechun Xiao,et al.  Preparation and electrochemical performances of carbon sphere@ZnO core-shell nanocomposites for supercapacitor applications , 2017, Scientific Reports.

[40]  Ashutosh K. Singh,et al.  High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrode Based on Cobalt Oxide-Manganese Dioxide-Nickel Oxide Ternary 1D Hybrid Nanotubes. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[41]  Xiao-juan Zhang,et al.  NiCo2O4@MnMoO4 core–shell flowers for high performance supercapacitors , 2016 .

[42]  Balwant Singh,et al.  High performance flexible asymmetric CNO-ZnO//ZnO supercapacitor with an operating voltage of 1.8 V in aqueous medium , 2017 .

[43]  B. Liu,et al.  High-performance supercapacitor electrode based on the unique ZnO@Co₃O4₄ core/shell heterostructures on nickel foam. , 2014, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[44]  C. Lokhande,et al.  Bath temperature controlled phase stability of hierarchical nanoflakes CoS2 thin films for supercapacitor application , 2016 .