Measurements of transcallosally mediated cortical inhibition for differentiating parkinsonian syndromes

Clinicopathologic evidence suggests differential involvement of cortex and corpus callosum (CC) in various disorders presenting with a parkinsonian syndrome. We tested the hypothesis of whether neurophysiologic and morphometric assessments of CC as surrogate parameters of cortical involvement could be helpful in differential diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders. The integrity of CC was assessed neurophysiologically by measuring the ipsilateral silent period (iSP) evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in a total of 25 patients with idiopathic parkinsonian syndromes (IPS), corticobasal ganglionic degeneration (CBD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), or multiple system atrophy (MSA). Additionally, morphometric analyses of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of CC was carried out in all patients. iSP was abnormal in all 5 CBD and all 5 PSP patients, whereas it was intact in all 10 IPS patients and all 5 MSA patients. Among various MRI parameters of CC, testing between different groups revealed a significant difference only for measurements of the middle part of the truncus. CBD and PSP patients exhibited a significant atrophy as compared with control subjects. These data suggest impairment of callosal integrity in patients with CBD and PSP. iSP measurements may be a useful clinical neurophysiologic test in differential diagnosis of patients with parkinsonian syndromes. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society

[1]  G. Abbruzzese,et al.  Impairment of transcallosal inhibition in patients with corticobasal degeneration , 2003, Clinical Neurophysiology.

[2]  R. Rosenfeld,et al.  The Transition from Adolescence to Adult Life: Physiology of the ‘Transition’ Phase and Its Evolutionary Basis , 2003, Hormone Research in Paediatrics.

[3]  I. McKeith,et al.  SIC Task Force appraisal of clinical diagnostic criteria for parkinsonian disorders , 2003, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[4]  B U Meyer,et al.  Brain parenchyma sonography discriminates Parkinson’s disease and atypical parkinsonian syndromes , 2002, Neurology.

[5]  M. Merello,et al.  Limb‐kinetic apraxia in corticobasal degeneration: Clinical and kinematic features , 2003, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[6]  W. Heiss,et al.  Differentiating multiple system atrophy from Parkinson’s disease: contribution of striatal and midbrain MRI volumetry and multi-tracer PET imaging , 2002, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[7]  Hansjürgen Bratzke,et al.  Staging of the intracerebral inclusion body pathology associated with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (preclinical and clinical stages) , 2002, Journal of Neurology.

[8]  B. Christensen,et al.  The mechanisms of interhemispheric inhibition in the human motor cortex , 2002, The Journal of physiology.

[9]  Yoav Ben-Shlomo,et al.  The accuracy of diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes in a specialist movement disorder service. , 2002, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[10]  Masanori Ichise,et al.  Combination of dopamine transporter and D2 receptor SPECT in the diagnostic evaluation of PD, MSA, and PSP , 2002, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[11]  L Solymosi,et al.  Measurement of the midbrain diameter on routine magnetic resonance imaging: a simple and accurate method of differentiating between Parkinson disease and progressive supranuclear palsy. , 2001, Archives of neurology.

[12]  E. Tolosa,et al.  Examination of motor output pathways in patients with corticobasal ganglionic degeneration using transcranial magnetic stimulation. , 2001, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[13]  G. Abbruzzese,et al.  Abnormalities of motor cortical excitability are not correlated with clinical features in atypical parkinsonism , 2000, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[14]  L. Deecke,et al.  [123I]β‐CIT spect in multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration , 2000, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[15]  Hidenao Fukuyama,et al.  Comparison of the pattern of atrophy of the corpus callosum in frontotemporal dementia, progressive supranuclear palsy, and Alzheimer's disease , 2000, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[16]  F. Tison,et al.  Oral zolmitriptan is effective in the acute treatment of cluster headache , 2000, Neurology.

[17]  A. Destée,et al.  Voxel‐based distribution of metabolic impairment in corticobasal degeneration , 2000, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[18]  P. Ashby,et al.  Mechanism of the silent period following transcranial magnetic stimulation Evidence from epidural recordings , 1999, Experimental Brain Research.

[19]  R. Petersen,et al.  Highly active antiretroviral therapy reverses brain metabolite abnormalities in mild HIV dementia , 1999, Neurology.

[20]  D. Radice,et al.  Cognitive and magnetic resonance imaging aspects of corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy , 1999, Neurology.

[21]  K J Werhahn,et al.  Differential effects on motorcortical inhibition induced by blockade of GABA uptake in humans , 1999, The Journal of physiology.

[22]  E. Kunesch,et al.  Demyelination and axonal degeneration in corpus callosum assessed by analysis of transcallosally mediated inhibition in multiple sclerosis , 1999, Clinical Neurophysiology.

[23]  P. Mazzone,et al.  Direct demonstration of interhemispheric inhibition of the human motor cortex produced by transcranial magnetic stimulation , 1999, Experimental Brain Research.

[24]  Koeppen Ah,et al.  Consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. , 1999 .

[25]  J. V. Gijn,et al.  Nova et vetera , 1999, Journal of Neurology.

[26]  I Litvan,et al.  Consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy , 1998, Journal of the Neurological Sciences.

[27]  H. Fukuyama,et al.  Atrophy of the corpus callosum, cortical hypometabolism, and cognitive impairment in corticobasal degeneration. , 1998, Archives of neurology.

[28]  S. Röricht,et al.  Topography of fibers in the human corpus callosum mediating interhemispheric inhibition between the motor cortices , 1998, Annals of neurology.

[29]  T. Mima,et al.  Electrophysiological studies of early stage corticobasal degeneration , 1998, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[30]  M. Hallett,et al.  Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging in progressive supranuclear palsy, Parkinson's disease and corticobasal degeneration. , 1997, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[31]  G. Abbruzzese,et al.  Sensory and motor evoked potentials in multiple system atrophy: A comparative study with Parkinson's disease , 1997, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[32]  H. Fukuyama,et al.  Atrophy of the corpus callosum, cognitive impairment, and cortical hypometabolism in progressive supranuclear palsy , 1997, Annals of neurology.

[33]  B. Meyer,et al.  Normwerte transkallosal und kortikospinal vermittelter elektromyographischer Effekte einer hemisphärenselektiven magnetischen Kortexreizung beim Menschen , 1997 .

[34]  M. Hallett,et al.  Clinical research criteria for the diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome) , 1996, Neurology.

[35]  A. Berardelli,et al.  Cortical inhibition in Parkinson's disease. A study with paired magnetic stimulation. , 1996, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[36]  B. Meyer,et al.  Inhibitory and excitatory interhemispheric transfers between motor cortical areas in normal humans and patients with abnormalities of the corpus callosum. , 1995, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[37]  D. Maraganore,et al.  Progressive supranuclear palsy: neuropathologically based diagnostic clinical criteria. , 1995, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[38]  R. Inzelberg,et al.  Changes in excitability of motor cortical circuitry in patients with parkinson's disease , 1995, Annals of neurology.

[39]  P. Rossini,et al.  Non-invasive electrical and magnetic stimulation of the brain, spinal cord and roots: basic principles and procedures for routine clinical application. Report of an IFCN committee. , 1994, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[40]  M. Hallett,et al.  Abnormal facilitation of the response to transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with Parkinson's disease , 1994, Neurology.

[41]  N Accornero,et al.  Motor cortical inhibition and the dopaminergic system. Pharmacological changes in the silent period after transcranial brain stimulation in normal subjects, patients with Parkinson's disease and drug-induced parkinsonism. , 1994, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[42]  D. Brooks.  PET studies on the early and differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease , 1993, Neurology.

[43]  B. Day,et al.  Interhemispheric inhibition of the human motor cortex. , 1992, The Journal of physiology.

[44]  J. Hughes,et al.  Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease: a clinico-pathological study of 100 cases. , 1992, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[45]  C. Duyckaerts,et al.  Constant neurofibrillary changes in the neocortex in progressive supranuclear palsy. Basic differences with Alzheimer's disease and aging , 1990, Neuroscience Letters.

[46]  J. Trojanowski,et al.  The cells of origin of the corpus callosum in rat, cat and rhesus monkey. , 1974, Brain research.

[47]  J TOMASCH,et al.  Size, distribution, and number of fibres in the human Corpus Callosum , 1954, The Anatomical record.

[48]  R. Benecke,et al.  On the origin of the postexcitatory inhibition seen after transcranial magnetic brain stimulation in awake human subjects , 2004, Experimental Brain Research.

[49]  P. R. Hof,et al.  Distribution of cortical neurofibrillary tangles in progressive supranuclear palsy: A quantitative analysis of six cases , 2004, Acta Neuropathologica.

[50]  M. Hallett,et al.  Cutaneomotor integration in humans is somatotopically organized at various levels of the nervous system and is task dependent , 2000, Experimental Brain Research.

[51]  Chickering Jg,et al.  Innervation of propatagial musculature in a flying squirrel, Glaucomys volans (Rodentia, Sciuridae). , 1996 .