Expression of Fas/FasL and c-myc in bladder cancer and their correlation with tumor immune function

Fas/FasL can induce cell apoptosis and maintain body homeostasis. As one transmembrane glycoprotein, it exerts important biological functions. C-myc is one important oncogene involving in progression of multiple tumors and is closely correlated with tumor proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. This study thus investigated the expression level of Fas/FasL and c-myc in bladder cancer, to analyze its correlation with tumor immunity. A total of 40 bladder cancer patients were recruited. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were employed to detect the expression of Fas, FasL and c-myc in both serum and bladder cancer tissues. In situ end labeling approach was used to determine the apoptotic rate of cancer and adjacent tissues along with infiltrated lymphocytes (TIL) in bladder mucus. The correlation between Fas/FasL and c-myc expression and TIL apoptotic rate were analyzed. Serum Fas in experimental group was lower than control group, with elevated FasL and c-myc (P<0.05). The expression of Fas in tumor tissues was lower than adjacent or control tissues, while FasL and c-myc levels were elevated (P<0.05). TIL apoptotic rate in bladder cancer tissues was higher than adjacent tissues (P<0.05). The expression of FasL and c-myc along with TIC apoptotic rate was higher in higher grade, multiple lesion, recurrent patients (P<0.05). FasL and TIL were positively correlated with TIL apoptotic rates, while Fas was negatively correlated (P<0.05). FasL was over-expressed while Fas was down-regulated in bladder cancer, facilitating apoptosis of lymphocytes. C-myc expression can up-regulate the immune escape latency of tumor cells.

[1]  Y. Murakami,et al.  Membrane-bound and soluble Fas ligands have opposite functions in photoreceptor cell death following separation from the retinal pigment epithelium , 2015, Cell Death and Disease.

[2]  M. Hahne,et al.  Targeting the Fas/FasL system in Rheumatoid Arthritis therapy: Promising or risky? , 2015, Cytokine.

[3]  H. Kaplan,et al.  HMGB1 release triggered by the interaction of live retinal cells and uveitogenic T cells is Fas/FasL activation-dependent , 2015, Journal of Neuroinflammation.

[4]  P. Viriyavejakul,et al.  Enhanced expression of Fas and FasL modulates apoptosis in the lungs of severe P. falciparum malaria patients with pulmonary edema. , 2015, International journal of clinical and experimental pathology.

[5]  Qiang Zhang,et al.  Clinicopathological significance of Fas and Fas ligand expressions in esophageal cancer. , 2015, American journal of cancer research.

[6]  W. Gmeiner,et al.  Thymineless death in F10-treated AML cells occurs via lipid raft depletion and Fas/FasL co-localization in the plasma membrane with activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. , 2015, Leukemia research.

[7]  S. Thorne,et al.  Splenectomy Promotes Indirect Elimination of Intraocular Tumors by CD8+ T Cells That Is Associated with IFNγ- and Fas/FasL-Dependent Activation of Intratumoral Macrophages , 2014, Cancer Immunology Research.

[8]  F. Papachristou,et al.  The Effects of Apigenin on the Expression of Fas/FasL Apoptotic Pathway in Warm Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats , 2014, BioMed research international.

[9]  W. Tan,et al.  Functional Polymorphisms in FAS/FASL System Increase the Risk of Neuroblastoma in Chinese Population , 2013, PloS one.

[10]  A. Martínez-Ruíz,et al.  S-nitrosylation of the death receptor fas promotes fas ligand-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells. , 2011, Gastroenterology.

[11]  A. Bergeron,et al.  Toll-like receptors in normal and malignant human bladders. , 2011, The Journal of urology.

[12]  Mo-lin Li,et al.  Antitumor effects of recombinant human Interleukin-6 on mouse bladder carcinoma through Fas-mediated apoptosis , 2010, Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology.

[13]  Alimuddin Zumla,et al.  Expression of apoptosis‐related genes in an Ethiopian cohort study correlates with tuberculosis clinical status , 2009, European journal of immunology.

[14]  Anirban P. Mitra,et al.  Molecular pathogenesis and diagnostics of bladder cancer. , 2009, Annual review of pathology.

[15]  Gaosi Xu,et al.  Suppression of FasL expression in tumor cells and preventing tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis by adenovirus 14.7K is an effective escape mechanism for immune cells. , 2007, Cancer genetics and cytogenetics.

[16]  Y. Lotan,et al.  Soluble Fas—A promising novel urinary marker for the detection of recurrent superficial bladder cancer , 2006, Cancer.

[17]  F. Shanahan,et al.  Fas Ligand Promotes Tumor Immune Evasion of Colon Cancer In Vivo , 2006, Cell cycle.

[18]  M. Schmitz,et al.  Sesquiterpene lactone containing Mexican Indian medicinal plants and pure sesquiterpene lactones as potent inhibitors of transcription factor NF‐κB , 1997, FEBS letters.

[19]  R. Díaz-Peña,et al.  [Genetics of ankylosing spondylitis]. , 2014, Revista medica de Chile.

[20]  G. Parmiani,et al.  Tumour-released exosomes and their implications in cancer immunity , 2008, Cell Death and Differentiation.