The Crowd and Sensors Era: Opportunities and Challenges for Individuals, Organizations, Society, and Researchers

In this paper we focus on the consequences of the adoption of new emerging technologies for individuals, organizations, and the wider society. We look at how online collaborations - what we will call the crowd approach - and the availability of digital traces about an individual’s activity in large databases - what we will call the sensors approach - can, positively or negatively (yet, disruptively) change many aspects of life. Moreover, we consider how far ‘digital traces’ can be used by scholars to undertake IT-focused research. We conclude our paper with a research agenda that will hopefully stimulate debate in the IS community related to opportunities and challenges of emerging technologies and how they are used and studied.

[1]  Daniel A. Levinthal,et al.  ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY: A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON LEARNING AND INNOVATION , 1990 .

[2]  Susan Rose,et al.  Online Customer Experience: A Review of the Business-to-Consumer Online Purchase Context , 2011 .

[3]  Thomas V. Pollet,et al.  Use of Social Network Sites and Instant Messaging Does Not Lead to Increased Offline Social Network Size, or to Emotionally Closer Relationships with Offline Network Members , 2011, Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw..

[4]  Wanda J. Orlikowski,et al.  Entanglements in Practice: Performing Anonymity Through Social Media , 2014, MIS Q..

[5]  Eoin Whelan,et al.  Exploring knowledge exchange in electronic networks of practice , 2007, J. Inf. Technol..

[6]  J. Brown,et al.  Bridging epistemologies: The generative dance between organizational knowledge and organizational knowing , 1999, STUDI ORGANIZZATIVI.

[7]  K. Boudreau,et al.  How to Manage Outside Innovation , 2009 .

[8]  Ana Ortiz de Guinea,et al.  Why break the habit of a lifetime? rethinking the roles of intention, habit, and emotion in continuing information technology use , 2009 .

[9]  Paul M. Leonardi,et al.  Car Crashes without Cars: Lessons about Simulation Technology and Organizational Change from Automotive Design , 2012 .

[10]  Ling Liu,et al.  Fraud Detection in Online Consumer Reviews , 2008, Decis. Support Syst..

[11]  K. Knorr-Cetina,et al.  Epistemic cultures : how the sciences make knowledge , 1999 .

[12]  Paul R. Carlile,et al.  A Pragmatic View of Knowledge and Boundaries: Boundary Objects in New Product Development , 2002, Organ. Sci..

[13]  Edlth Seligmann Silva.  In the age of smart machine - the future of work and power , 1992 .

[14]  Georg von Krogh,et al.  How does social software change knowledge management? Toward a strategic research agenda , 2012, J. Strateg. Inf. Syst..

[15]  Stanley Wasserman,et al.  Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications , 1994 .

[16]  Susan V. Scott,et al.  Reconfiguring relations of accountability: Materialization of social media in the travel sector , 2011 .

[17]  Mahadev Satyanarayanan,et al.  Pervasive computing: vision and challenges , 2001, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[18]  M. Lynne Markus,et al.  Towards an understanding of identity and technology in the workplace , 2013, J. Inf. Technol..

[19]  Kevin Crowston,et al.  Validity Issues in the Use of Social Network Analysis with Digital Trace Data , 2011, J. Assoc. Inf. Syst..

[20]  B. Kogut,et al.  What Firms Do? Coordination, Identity, and Learning , 1996 .

[21]  Syed Akif Hasan.  Top management’s snooping: Is sneaking over employees’ productivity and job commitment a wise approach? , 2012 .

[22]  Wanda J. Orlikowski,et al.  What Happens When Evaluation Goes Online? Exploring Apparatuses of Valuation in the Travel Sector , 2014, Organ. Sci..

[23]  Y. Connie Yuan,et al.  The use of different information and communication technologies to support knowledge sharing in organizations: From e-mail to micro-blogging , 2013, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[24]  Morten T. Hansen,et al.  What's your strategy for managing knowledge? , 1999, Harvard business review.

[25]  J. Spender.  Making knowledge the basis of a dynamic theory of the firm , 1996 .

[26]  Wanda J. Orlikowski,et al.  Cambridge Handbook of Strategy as Practice: Practice in research: phenomenon, perspective and philosophy , 2010 .

[27]  Donald Hislop,et al.  Knowledge Management In Organizations , 2012 .

[28]  W. Orlikowski.  Sociomaterial Practices: Exploring Technology at Work , 2007 .

[29]  Henry Chesbrough,et al.  How open innovation can help you cope in lean times. , 2009 .

[30]  Andrew McAfee,et al.  Enterprise 2.0: the dawn of emergent collaboration , 2006, IEEE Engineering Management Review.

[31]  Viktor Mayer-Schnberger,et al.  Big Data: A Revolution That Will Transform How We Live, Work, and Think , 2013 .

[32]  Youngjin Yoo,et al.  Computing in Everyday Life: A Call for Research on Experiential Computing , 2010, MIS Q..

[33]  S. Ghoshal,et al.  Social Capital, Intellectual Capital, and the Organizational Advantage , 1998 .

[34]  Ling Liu,et al.  Manipulation of online reviews: An analysis of ratings, readability, and sentiments , 2012, Decis. Support Syst..

[35]  M. Tushman,et al.  The ambidextrous organization. , 2004, Harvard business review.

[36]  P. M. Podsakoff,et al.  Effects of leader contingent and noncontingent reward and punishment behaviors on subordinate performance and satisfaction. , 1982, Academy of Management journal. Academy of Management.

[37]  K. Goh,et al.  Social Media Brand Community and Consumer Behavior: Quantifying the Relative Impact of User- and Marketer-Generated Content , 2013 .

[38]  Ronald Maier,et al.  Knowledge Management Systems , 2010 .

[39]  Kevin C. Desouza,et al.  Knowledge risks in organizational networks: An exploratory framework , 2012, J. Strateg. Inf. Syst..

[40]  Elizabeth J. Davidson,et al.  Unity in Diversity: Electronic Patient Record Use in Multidisciplinary Practice , 2011, Inf. Syst. Res..

[41]  D. Wood,et al.  Transparency and social responsibility issues for Wikipedia , 2009, Ethics and Information Technology.

[42]  J. March.  Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning , 1991, STUDI ORGANIZZATIVI.

[43]  Robert M. Davison,et al.  Information technology to support informal knowledge sharing , 2013, Inf. Syst. J..

[44]  D. Seidl,et al.  Cambridge Handbook of Strategy as Practice , 2011 .

[45]  Rikard Lindgren,et al.  Digital Traces of Information Systems: Sociomateriality made Researchable , 2013, ICIS.

[46]  M. Polanyi,et al.  Personal Knowledge: Towards a post-critical philosophy , 1959 .

[47]  Ann Majchrzak,et al.  Research Commentary-Vigilant Interaction in Knowledge Collaboration: Challenges of Online User Participation Under Ambivalence , 2010, Inf. Syst. Res..

[48]  Dina Mayzlin,et al.  Promotional Reviews: An Empirical Investigation of Online Review Manipulation , 2012 .

[49]  Dorothy E. Leidner,et al.  Knowledge Management Systems: Issues, Challenges, and Benefits , 1999, Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst..

[50]  Ann Majchrzak,et al.  Knowledge Collaboration in Online Communities , 2011, Organ. Sci..

[51]  Kevin J. Boudreau,et al.  Let a Thousand Flowers Bloom? An Early Look at Large Numbers of Software 'Apps' Developers and Patterns of Innovation , 2011, Organ. Sci..

[52]  Dennis F. Galletta,et al.  Research Note - Knowledge Exploration and Exploitation: The Impacts of Psychological Climate and Knowledge Management System Access , 2011, Inf. Syst. Res..

[53]  Yueh-Min Huang,et al.  Developing a Reading Concentration Monitoring System by Applying an Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm to E-Books in an Intelligent Classroom , 2012, Sensors.

[54]  Ingoo Han,et al.  The Different Effects of Online Consumer Reviews on Consumers' Purchase Intentions Depending on Trust in Online Shopping Mall: An Advertising Perspective , 2011, Internet Res..

[55]  Erik Brynjolfsson,et al.  Big data: the management revolution. , 2012, Harvard business review.

[56]  Silvia Gherardi,et al.  How to Conduct a Practice-based Study: Problems and Methods , 2013 .

[57]  H. Tsoukas,et al.  What is Organizational Knowledge , 2001 .

[58]  Sue Newell,et al.  Continued Use of IT: An Emotional Choice , 2012, ICIS.

[59]  H. Krumholz,et al.  Telemonitoring in patients with heart failure. , 2010, The New England journal of medicine.

[60]  James E. Hunton,et al.  The Dark Side of Online Knowledge Sharing , 2012, J. Inf. Syst..

[61]  Ann Majchrzak,et al.  Towards an Information Systems Perspective and Research Agenda on Crowdsourcing for Innovation , 2013, J. Strateg. Inf. Syst..

[62]  Louis Leung,et al.  Net-Generation Attributes and Seductive Properties of the Internet as Predictors of Online Activities and Internet Addiction , 2004, Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw..