Fuzzy Based Energy Efficient Multiple Cluster Head Selection Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is made up with small batteries powered sensor devices with lim- ited energy resources within it. These sensor nodes are used to monitor physical or environmental conditions and to pass their data through the wireless network to the main location. One of the crucial issues in wireless sen- sor network is to create a more energy efficient system. Clustering is one kind of mechanism in Wireless Sensor Networks to prolong the network lifetime and to reduce network energy consumption. In this paper, we propose a new routing protocol called Fuzzy Based Energy Effi- cient Multiple Cluster Head Selection Routing Protocol (FEMCHRP) for Wireless Sensor Network. The routing process involves the Clustering of nodes and the selec- tion of Cluster Head (CH) nodes of these clusters which sends all the information to the Cluster Head Leader (CHL). After that, the cluster head leaders send aggregat- ed data to the Base Station (BS). The selection of cluster heads and cluster head leaders is performed by using fuzzy logic and the data transmission process is per- formed by shortest energy path which is selected apply- ing Dijkstra Algorithm. The simulation results of this research are compared with other protocols BCDCP, CELRP and ECHERP to evaluate the performance of the proposed routing protocol. The evaluation concludes that the proposed routing protocol is better in prolonging network lifetime and balancing energy consumption.