Numerical simulation of artificial groundwater recharge for controlling land subsidence

Shanghai, a coastal city situated in the southern part of the Yangtze Delta, China, is experiencing a land subsidence problem due to the rapid development of construction and long-term groundwater withdrawal. Artificial groundwater recharge is considered to be an effective method to solve this problem. However, the stress-strain process in the aquifer and the surrounding ground is much complex rather than the traditional elastic model. In this study, the stress-strain process is considered to relate to the soil behavior under cyclic loading due to the artificial recharge. Because of the complex process, the Subloading Cam-clay model, which can reflect the soil compression and the nonlinear characteristics under cyclic loading condition, is employed. A site test of shallow groundwater recharge is conducted in a Shanghai aquifer to verify the proposed model. The comparison is made between the ground displacements of the test site and the numerical results. The results show that the Subloading Cam-clay model adopted in this paper can accurately simulate the land subsidence rebound by artificial recharge. Furthermore, both the test and numerical results demonstrated that artificial recharge is an effective method to control the land subsidence.

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