Genome diversity in wild grasses under environmental stress

Patterns of diversity distribution in the Isa defense locus in wild-barley populations suggest adaptive selection at this locus. The extent to which environmental selection may act at additional nuclear-encoded defense loci and within the whole chloroplast genome has now been examined by analyses in two grass species. Analysis of genetic diversity in wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) defense genes revealed much greater variation in biotic stress-related genes than abiotic stress-related genes. Genetic diversity at the Isa defense locus in wild populations of weeping ricegrass [Microlaena stipoides (Labill.) R. Br.], a very distant wild-rice relative, was more diverse in samples from relatively hotter and drier environments, a phenomenon that reflects observations in wild barley populations. Whole-chloroplast genome sequences of bulked weeping ricegrass individuals sourced from contrasting environments showed higher levels of diversity in the drier environment in both coding and noncoding portions of the genome. Increased genetic diversity may be important in allowing plant populations to adapt to greater environmental variation in warmer and drier climatic conditions.

[1]  G. Goldstein,et al.  Water relations and hydraulic architecture of two Patagonian steppe shrubs: Effect of slope orientation and microclimate , 2011 .

[2]  Eviatar Nevo,et al.  Genetic variation in nature , 2011, Scholarpedia.

[3]  H. Daniell,et al.  Chloroplast biotechnology, genomics and evolution: current status, challenges and future directions , 2011, Plant Molecular Biology.

[4]  R. Henry,et al.  Chloroplast genome sequences from total DNA for plant identification. , 2011, Plant biotechnology journal.

[5]  B. Green.  Chloroplast genomes of photosynthetic eukaryotes. , 2011, The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology.

[6]  Sukumar Chakraborty,et al.  Pathogen dynamics in a crop canopy and their evolution under changing climate , 2011 .

[7]  Peter J. Gregory,et al.  Implications of climate change for diseases, crop yields and food security , 2011, Euphytica.

[8]  R. Henry,et al.  Fragrance in rice (Oryza sativa) is associated with reduced yield under salt treatment , 2010 .

[9]  Eviatar Nevo,et al.  Evolution in action across life at “Evolution Canyons”, Israel , 2009 .

[10]  M. Hasegawa,et al.  Adaptive evolution of chloroplast genomes in ancestral grasses , 2009, Plant signaling & behavior.

[11]  Tao Zhang,et al.  Adaptive microclimatic structural and expressional dehydrin 1 evolution in wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum, at ‘Evolution Canyon’, Mount Carmel, Israel , 2009, Molecular ecology.

[12]  T. Kleine,et al.  DNA transfer from organelles to the nucleus: the idiosyncratic genetics of endosymbiosis. , 2009, Annual review of plant biology.

[13]  R. Henry,et al.  Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase in plants. , 2009, Plant biology.

[14]  Wei Li,et al.  EST-SSR diversity correlated with ecological and genetic factors of wild emmer wheat in Israel. , 2009, Hereditas.

[15]  A. Zitoun,et al.  Morphological and microsatellite diversity associated with ecological factors in natural populations of Medicago laciniata Mill. (Fabaceae) , 2008, Journal of Genetics.

[16]  Janick Mathys,et al.  Plant pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins: a focus on PR peptides. , 2008, Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB.

[17]  R. Henry,et al.  The effect of salt on betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase transcript levels and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline concentration in fragrant and non-fragrant rice (Oryza sativa) , 2008 .

[18]  Keith Wilson,et al.  Structural and mutational analyses of the interaction between the barley alpha-amylase/subtilisin inhibitor and the subtilisin savinase reveal a novel mode of inhibition. , 2008, Journal of molecular biology.

[19]  R. Bock,et al.  Reconstructing evolution: Gene transfer from plastids to the nucleus , 2008, BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology.

[20]  M. Wagner,et al.  Microbial diversity and the genetic nature of microbial species , 2008, Nature Reviews Microbiology.

[21]  E. Nevo,et al.  Molecular evolution of dimeric α-amylase inhibitor genes in wild emmer wheat and its ecological association , 2008, BMC Evolutionary Biology.

[22]  E. Nevo,et al.  Evolution and Genetic Population Structure of Prickly Lettuce (Lactuca serriola) and Its RGC2 Resistance Gene Cluster , 2008, Genetics.

[23]  A. Flavell,et al.  Gene-Based Sequence Diversity Analysis of Field Pea (Pisum) , 2007, Genetics.

[24]  E. Nevo,et al.  Allelic diversity associated with aridity gradient in wild emmer wheat populations. , 2007, Plant, cell & environment.

[25]  David Mackey,et al.  Elicitors, effectors, and R genes: the new paradigm and a lifetime supply of questions. , 2007, Annual review of phytopathology.

[26]  E. Nevo,et al.  Adaptive climatic molecular evolution in wild barley at the Isa defense locus , 2007, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[27]  R. Brueggeman,et al.  The barley serine/threonine kinase gene Rpg1 providing resistance to stem rust belongs to a gene family with five other members encoding kinase domains , 2006, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[28]  Birte Svensson,et al.  Mutational Analysis of Target Enzyme Recognition of the β-Trefoil Fold Barley α-Amylase/Subtilisin Inhibitor* , 2005, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[29]  A. Altman,et al.  Recent advances in engineering plant tolerance to abiotic stress: achievements and limitations. , 2005, Current opinion in biotechnology.

[30]  E. Nevo,et al.  Genomic microsatellite adaptive divergence of wild barley by microclimatic stress in ‘Evolution Canyon’, Israel , 2005 .

[31]  John Walker.  Clavicepsphalaridis in Australia: biology, pathology and taxonomy with a description of the new genus Cepsiclava (Hypocreales, Clavicipitaceae) , 2004, Australasian Plant Pathology.

[32]  J. Delcour,et al.  Potential physiological role of plant glycosidase inhibitors. , 2004, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[33]  A. Sancho,et al.  Cross-inhibitory activity of cereal protein inhibitors against α-amylases and xylanases , 2003 .

[34]  A. Furtado,et al.  The promoter of the asi gene directs expression in the maternal tissues of the seed in transgenic barley , 2003, Plant Molecular Biology.

[35]  Nils Rostoks,et al.  The barley stem rust-resistance gene Rpg1 is a novel disease-resistance gene with homology to receptor kinases , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[36]  A. Jagendorf,et al.  An isozyme of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase in barley. , 2001, Plant & cell physiology.

[37]  E. Nevo.  Inaugural Article: Evolution of genome-phenome diversity under environmental stress , 2001 .

[38]  H. Matsumura,et al.  Adh1 is transcriptionally active but its translational product is reduced in a rad mutant of rice (Oryza sativa L.), which is vulnerable to submergence stress , 1998, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[39]  M. Sachs,et al.  Anaerobic tolerant null: a mutant that allows Adh1 nulls to survive anaerobic treatment. , 1989, The Journal of heredity.

[40]  R. Leah,et al.  The bifunctional α-amylase/subtilisin inhibitor of barley: nucleotide sequence and patterns of seed-specific expression , 1989, Plant Molecular Biology.

[41]  J. Hejgaard,et al.  Localization to chromosomes of structural genes for the major protease inhibitors of barley grains , 1984, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[42]  J. Mundy,et al.  Barley α-amylase/subtilisin inhibitor. I. Isolation and characterization , 1983 .

[43]  M. Nei.  Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. , 1973, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[44]  Francesco Licausi,et al.  Chapter 4 Low Oxygen Signaling and Tolerance in Plants , 2009 .

[45]  K. Turksen,et al.  Isolation and characterization , 2006 .