Smart Grid Technology in Power Systems

The smart grid, which is known as the next-generation power grid, uses two-way flows of electricity and information to create a widely distributed automated energy delivery network. This article is a survey of smart grid literature till 2011 on the enabling technologies for the smart grid. In this paper, three major systems are explored namely the smart infrastructure system, the smart management system, and the smart protection system. Possible future directions are also proposed in each system. For the smart infrastructure system, we specifically explore the smart energy subsystem, the smart information subsystem, and the smart communication subsystem. Various management objectives, such as improving energy efficiency, profiling demand, maximizing utility, reducing cost, and controlling emission are explored for the smart management system and for the smart protection system, various failure protection mechanisms which improve the reliability of the smart grid, and the security and privacy issues in the smart grid are explored.

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