Few-Mode Fiber Technology for Spatial Multiplexing

This chapter gives an overview of design and optimization of few-mode optical fibers (FMF) for space-division multiplexed transmission. The design criteria are outlined, along with performance limitations of the traditional step-profile and graded-index profiles. The trade-offs between number of usable optical modes (related to total channel capacity), differential group delay, differential mode attenuation, mode coupling, and the impact on MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output) receiver complexity are outlined. Improved fiber designs are analyzed which maximize channel capacity with foreseeable next-generation receiver technology. FMF measurement technology is overviewed.

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