Effects of Chlorine and Ammonia Application Points on Bactericidal Efficiency

The disinfection of water for potable Evidence has suggested that the useof use is required wherever contamination free residual chlorine results in the or the potential for contamination with formation of halogenated organics that human pathogens exists. The disinfec- are carcinogenic to animals.‘-“’ This has tant must be able to inactivate a wide been disputed by Tuthill and Moore.” range of organisms displaying an equally The US Environmental Protection wide range of sensitivities. The ideal Agency hasset theacceptableceilingfor disinfectant destroys all organisms trihalomethanes (THMs) in potable waquickly, under all water quality condi- terat 0.10mg/L.12Anumberof treatment tions, and with no adverse side effects. options have been recommended in order Unfortunately, nosuch ideal disinfectant to reduce the level of THMs in water exists, and water utilities are left with a disinfected with free residual chlorine. number of options, all of which present Among these treatment options, chlocertain advantages and disadvantages. ramination-the addition of chlorine and

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